Freedom Activist Network's Guide To
Chronology of Freedom

YEAR
2011 · 2010 · 2009 · 2008 · 2007 · 2006 · 2005 · 2004 · 2003 · 2002 · 2001 · 2000
1990s · 1980s · 1970s · 1960s · 1950s · 1940s · 1930s · 1920s · 1910s · 1900s
1800s · 1700s · 1600s · 1500s · 1400s · 1300s · 1200s · 1100s · 1000s · Before 1000

OTHER FREEDOM CHRONOLOGY
Freedom Chronology Research

2011

Oct 22 2011
Allan Edward "Ed" Thompson, Libertarian Party nominee for WI Governor and libertarian, dies.

Sept 30 2011
Central Intelligence Agency directed drone attack targets and kills Anwar al-Awlaki and another United States citizen in Yemen. Awlaki, regional commander of al-Qaeda, is the first United States citizen targeted and killed by United States government without due process.

Sept 28 2011
Mexico Supreme Court upholds Baja California state abortion law that "protect life from the moment of conception" and defines embryos as persons.

July 25 2011
New York same gender marriage law takes effect.

June 29 2011
Obama administration reverses policy of not prosecuting medicinal cannabis dispensaries in states where medicinal cannabis is legal.
dailycaller.com/2011/07/01/justice-department-and-obama-reverse-stance-on-medical-marijuana-raids

June 26 2011
500,000 attend New York City Gay Pride Parade celebrating NY state's newly enacted same gender marriage law.

June 25 2011
NY Governor Andrew Cuomo signs state same gender marriage legislation into law effective July 25 2011

June 3 2011
Jack Kervorkian, suicide liberty activist, dies.

June 2 2011
Vermont Governor Pete Shumlin signs legislation into law permitting up to 4 medicinal cannabis dispensaries in Vermont.

May 27 2011
Netherlands government announces that coffee shops may not be allowed to sell cannabis to non-resident foreigners, by the end of the year.
amsterdam.info/coffee-shop-news, dutchnews.nl/news/archives/2011/05/cannabis_cafes_set_to_become_p_1.php, hightimes.com/news/ht_admin/7134, theatlanticwire.com/global/2011/05/amsterdam-ban-pot-sales-tourists/38248

May 26 2011
US President Barack Hussein Obama signs extension of the Patriot Act that includes controversial provisions criticized by privacy activists.

May 13 2011
Delaware Governor Jack Markell signs a state-wide medicinal cannabis legislation into law scheduled to take effect July 1 2011, making Delaware the 16th US state to legalize medicinal cannabis.
news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20110513/ap_on_re_us/us_medical_marijuana_delaware_1, washingtonpost.com/national/delaware_governor_signs_bill_making_it_the_16th_state_to_legalize_medical_marijuana/2011/05/13/AF7BEd2G_story.html?wprss=rss_national

May 2 2011
Unidentified US Nay Seals assassinate Osama Bin Laden allegedly on orders of US Commander-in-Chief Barack Hussein Obama.

Apr 30 2011
Ben Masel, founder and organizer of Great Midwest Marijuana Harvest Fest, cannabis liberty activist and speech liberty activist, dies from lung cancer.

Mar 18 2011
Liberty Dollar founder Bernard von NotHaus convicted of US currency law violations for possessing and circulating silver backed Liberty dollars.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernard_von_NotHaus#Arrest_and_conviction

Jan 1 2011
Washington DC medicinal cannabis law takes effect.

2010

Nov 21 2010
David Fraser Nolan, co-founder of Libertarian Party of United States, libertarian and creator of the Nolan Chart, dies.

Nov 2 2010
50.13% of Arizona voters adopt state-wide medicinal cannabis Proposition 203. California, Oregon and South Dakota voters reject state-wide cannabis propositions. Voters of 2 California, 9 Massachusetts, 2 Wisconsin, and 8 of 42 Colorado localities approve cannabis propositions, referendums and advisory questions.

Oct 20 2010
US Court of Appeals reinstates "don't ask, don't tell" policy awaiting outcome of appeals.

Oct 19 2010
US military temporarily rescinds "don't ask, don't tell" policy, thus allowing openly gay recruits to apply to, and openly gay personnel to remain in the military.

Sept 30 2010
California Governor Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger signs legislation decriminalizing possession of up to 1 ounce of cannabis by reducing violations from a misdemeanor crime to an infraction with a maximum $100 fine.
latimes.com/news/nationworld/nation/wire/sns-ap-us-marijuana-decriminalization,0,7206993.story

Sept 24 2010
California Governor Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger, in a Los Angeles Times opinion page article, claims Proposition 19, that would legalize possession of up to 1 ounce of cannabis, is flawed and would "make California a laughing stock". Schwarzenegger, an openly cannabis smoker in the 1970s and filmed smoking cannabis in the 1977 documentary Pumping Iron, has opposed efforts to reform California's cannabis laws while Governor.
latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-schwarzenegger-marijuana-pensio20100924,0,30919.story

Aug 4 2010
US District Judge Vaughn Walker, in Perry v Schwarzenegger, rules California's Proposition 8 unconstitutional.

July 8 2010
US federal officers arrest medicinal cannabis activists Roger Christie and 13 other members of The Hawai'i Cannabis Ministry on Big Island Hawaii. Over a year later, Christie is still detained without bail awaiting trial.

Apr 15 2010
Jack Herer, cannabis liberty activist, cannabis hemp liberty activist, medicinal cannabis liberty activist, author of The Emperor Wears No Clothes, dies.

Apr 15 2010
New Jersey Governor John Corzine signs medicinal cannabis law passed Jan 11 by NJ legislature.

Mar 4 2010
Mexico City same gender marriage law takes effect.

Jan 31 2010
Howard S Lotsof, medicinal igobaine liberty activist and ibogaine patentholder, dies.

Jan 1 2010
New Hampshire same gender marriage and adoption law takes effect.

2009

Dec 29 2009
Mexico City Mayor Marcelo Ebrard signs same gender marriage and adoption bill into law.

Dec 21 2009
Legislative Assembly of the Federal District of Mexico City approves same gender marriage and adoption bill 39-20.

Dec 18 2009
Washington DC Mayor Adrian Fenty signs sex gender marriage bill into law.

Dec 3 2009
Washington state "all-but-marriage" law and Maine's repeal of gender marriage law take effect.

Nov 7 2009
Larry Bonner Lippert, cannabis liberty activist, dies.

Nov 4 2009
Italian judge finds 22 Central Intelligence Agency agents guilty of abducting Hassan Mustafa Osama Nasr, aka Abu Omar, on Feb 17 2003.

Nov 3 2009
Maine voters adopt medicinal cannabis Question 5.

Nov 3 2009
Washington state voters reject repeal of "all-but-marriage" law and Maine voters repeal same gender marriage law.

Oct 1 2009
Nevada domestic partnership law takes effect.

Sept 28 2009
Oregon legislature reforms domestic partnership law to include surnames.

Sept 27 2009
William Lewis Safire, syndicated columnist with New York Times, and self-identified libertarian conservative, dies.

Sept 1 2009
Vermont same gender marriage law takes effect.

Aug 21 2009
Mexico Government decriminalizes small quantities of cannabis, cocaine, opiates and other drugs. Persons possessing up to 5 grams of cannabis, .5 grams of cocaine, 50 milligrams of opiates face no criminal charges. Persons caught 3 times may be required to undergo free drug treatment.
google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5iP1GlMCOzYSi8kbAUY1lLDdqc4vAD9A763HO0

Aug 12 2009
US President Barack Hussein Obama awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Nancy Goodman Brinker, Pedro Jose Greer Jr, Stephen Hawking, Jack French Kemp Jr (deceased), Edward Moore Kennedy (deceased), Billie Jean King, Joseph Lowery, Joseph Medicine Crow, Harvey Bernard Milk (deceased), Sandra Day O'Connor, Sidney Poitier, Chita Rivera, Mary Robinson, Janet Davison Rowley, Desmond Tutu, Muhammad Yunus

Aug 3 2009
Wisconsin domestic partnership law takes effect.

Aug 2009
Mexico Supreme Court upholds Mexico City's law legalizing abortion, declaring "To affirm that there is an absolute constitutional protection of life in gestation would lead to the violation of the fundamental rights of women."

July 2 2009
New Delhi India's highest court overturns New Delhi's colonial-era criminal sodomy law ruling it violates fundamental rights.
airamerica.com/blog/2009/jul/02/india-legalizes-gay-sex, nytimes.com/2009/07/03/world/asia/03india.html?_r=1&ref=asia

July 1 2009
Colorado recognizes designated beneficiary aggreements and Hungary registered partnership law takes effect.

June 23 2009
Israel navy intercepts Greek boat Arion carrying humanitarian aid to Gaza Strip 23 miles from the Gaza coast. Cynthia Ann McKinney, Mairead Maguire and 19 others on Arion are detained.
ajc.com/news/content/metro/stories/2009/06/30/mckinney_gaza_ship_intercepted.html

June 3 2009
New Hampshire approves same gender marriage law.

May 31 2009
Nevada legislature overrides governor's veto of domestic partnership bill.

May 26 2009
In Strauss v Horton, California Supreme Court upholds Proposition 8 constitutional amendment that only recognizes marriage between a man and a woman. Court also upholds existing same gender marriages prior to Proposition 8's passage.

May 18 2009
Washington Governor Chris Gregoire signs "all-but-marriage" bill into law.

May 6 2009
Maine approves same gender marriage law.

May 1 2009
Jackson Clubb, founder and co-editor of Zenger (defunct), and cannabis liberty activist, dies.

May 1 2009
Sweden allows same gender marriage.

Apr 27 2009
Japan recognizes same gender marriage between its citizens and foreign nationals married where same gender marriage is allowed.

Apr 7 2009
Vermont allows same gender marriage.

Apr 3 2009
Iowa Supreme Court decision on marriage equality to allow same gender marriage.

Apr 1 2009
Sweden allows same gender marriage.

Mar 29 2009
Transportation Security Administration officials detain and interrogate Campaign for Liberty Director of Development Steve Bierfeldt at Lambert-Saint Louis International Airport while carrying $4700 cash from sale of Campaign for Liberty merchandise.
thenewamerican.com/usnews/election/969

Mar 27 2009
Japan recognizes same gender marriage between its citizens and foreign nationals married where same gender marriage is allowed.

Jan 28 2009
Colombia Constitutional Court extends couple rights to same gender couples.

Jan 13 2009
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Tony Blair, John Howard, Alvaro Uribe

Jan 1 2009
Norway allows same gender marriage.

2008

Dec 23 2008
Israel naval boat rams yacht Dignity carrying humanitarian aid heading to Gaza Strip. Cynthia Ann McKinney and 15 others on the damaged yacht safely make it to Tyre Lebannon.
ajc.com/metro/content/metro/dekalb/stories/2008/12/29/cynthia_mckinney_gaza.html

Nov 19 2008
Supreme Court of Nepal requires government to allow same gender marriage.

Nov 12 2008
Connecticut allows same gender marriage.

Nov 4 2008
United States voters elect Barack Hussein Obama President of the United States with 365 electoral votes and 53% of the popular vote. 63% of Michigan voters adopt Proposal 1 legalizing medicinal cannabis. 52% of California voters adopt Proposition 8 that only recognizes marriage between a man and a woman. 62% of Florida voters adopt Amendment 2 that defines marriage as "the legal union of only one man and one women" and prohibits other unions of "substantial equivalent" to marriage. 56% of Arizona voters pass Proposition 102 that only recognizes marriage between a man and a woman.

Nov 4 2008
Marshall Fritz, libertarian, education liberty activist, and founder of Alliance for the Separation of School and State and Advocates for Self-Government Inc, dies.

Oct 10 2008
Connecticut Supreme Court rules marriage equality allows same gender marriage.

Sept 1 2008
Amy Goodman and 2 Democracy Now! producers assaulted and falsely arrested by police while covering protests at Republican National Convention in Saint Paul Minnesota.

July 30 2008
Turkey Constitutional Court rules Justice and Development Party will lose half its government subsidy because of its efforts to repeal a prohibition banning head scarves and veils worn by Turkish university women.

July 1 2008
Maryland domestic partnership law takes effect.

June 19 2008
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Benjamin Carson, Anthony Fauci, Tom Lantos, Peter Pace, Donna Shalala, Laurence Silberman

June 16 2008
California allows same gender marriage after California Supreme Court decision.

June 11 2008
Norway allows same gender marriage.

May 22 2008
Maryland Governor Martin O'Malley signs domestic partnership bill into law.

May 15 2008
California Supreme Court decides 4-3 that same gendered couples have an equal right to marriage.
sfgate.com/samesexmarriage2008

May 1 2008
Deborah Jeane Palfrey, aka DC Madam, convicted of US federal racketeering, money laundering, pandering and prostitution law violations, dies from hanging, possibly suicide.

Apr 5 2008
Charlton Heston, former President of National Rifle Association and firearms liberty activist, dies.

Feb 27 2008
William F Buckley Jr, conservative author and philosopher, dies.

Feb 17 2008
Kosovo Parliament declares independence from Serbia.

Feb 7 2008
John M Hartman, founder and director of both Ohio Cannabis Society and Northcoast National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (defunct), and cannabis liberty activist, dies

Feb 1 2008
Oregon domestic partnership law takes effect after rescision of a court injunction.

Jan 1 2008
New Hampshire and Uruguay civil union laws take effect.

Jan 1 2008
Mae Nutt, aka Grandma Marijuana, medicinal cannabis liberty activist, dies.

2007

Dec 13 2007
Corrine Millet, Board Director of Patients Out of Time, US FDA Investigational New Drug Compassionate Access Program prescription cannabis recipient and glaucoma patient, dies.

Nov 5 2007
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Gary Stanley Becker, Oscar Elias Biscet, Francis S Collins, Benjamin L Hooks, Henry John Hyde (deceased), Brian P Lamb, Harper Lee, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf

Sept 27 2007
John E Berthoud, President of National Taxpayers Union, President of National Taxpayers Union Foundation and Taxpayer Rights Activist, dies.

Sept 18 2007
Maryland Supreme Court upholds state law prohibiting same gender marriage.

Sept 15 2007
National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws Founder R Keith Stroup and High Times Assoc Publisher Richard Cusick arrested on cannabis possession charges while attending Freedom Rally in Boston, Massachusetts.

Aug 30 2007
Iowa court rules Defense of Marriage Act unconstitutional.

Aug 24 2007
Aaron Russo, Libertarian Party candidate for US President, cinematic film producer, Emmy award recipient and concert promoter, dies.

Apr 2 2007
New Mexico Governor Richardson signs medicinal cannabis law.

Jan 11 2007
Robert Anton Wilson, author, philosopher, anarchist, agnostic, Subgenius, cannabis smoker and friend of Timothy Leary, dies.

Jan 1 2007
District of Columbia smoking ordinance expands prohibitions to include restaurants and bars.

2007
Coahuila Mexico, New Hampshire, Oregon, Switzerland, and Washington allow civil union and/or domestic partnership.

2006

Dec 26 2006
James Wilson, aka Chef Ra, High Times columnist and cannabis liberty activist, dies.

Dec 15 2006
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Ruth Johnson Colvin, Norman Francis, Paul Bede Johnson, Riley B B King, Joshua Lederberg, David McCullough, Norman Mineta , John O'Neil aka Buck O'Neil, William Lewis Safire, Natan Sharansky.

Nov 28 2006
South Africa Deputy President Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka signs marriage equality law allowing same gender marriage.

Nov 18 2006
Mike Alcalay, Green Aid: Medical Marijuana Legal Defense and Education Fund Inc Board Director, Oakland Cannabis Buyers' Cooperative Medical Director, medicinal cannabis liberty activist, acquired immune deficiency syndrome and leukemia patient, dies.

Nov 16 2006
Milton R Friedman, Nobel Prize in Economics recipient, classical liberal, author and free market economist, dies.

Nov 7 2006
Arizona voters reject Proposition 107 that only recognizes marriage between a man and a woman with 52% no votes. 7 other states' voters approve propositions restricting marriage to one man and one woman.

July 30 2006
Murray Bookchin, libertarian socialist, Trotskyite, environmentalist and anti-capitalist, dies.

July 10 2006
Alaska Superior Court Judge Patricia Collins overturns recriminalization of cannabis that conflicted with 1975 Alaska Supreme Court decision Ravin v State that legalized possession of up to 1 ounce of cannabis in a home.
akclu.org/NewsEvents/PressReleases/071006_decision.pdf

July 2 2006
Lynn Zimmer, drug liberty activist, multiple scleroisis patient and co-author of Marijuana Myths Marijuana Facts, dies.

June 16 2006
Rhode Island legislature overrides veto, thus authorizing up to 3 medicinal cannabis dispensaries.

Mar 27 2006
Franklyn C "Lyn" Nofziger, Republican speechwriter and medicinal cannabis liberty proponent, dies at Falls Church, Virginia.

Mar 15 2006
Czech Republic parliament approves civil union law that takes effect July 1.

Mar 1 2006
Harry Browne, author and Libertarian Party nominee for US Pres, dies at Franklin, Tennessee.

Jan 4 2006
District of Columbia Council votes 11 to 1 approving an ordinance prohibiting smoking in public places.

Jan 2 2006
Rhode Island enacts Hawkins and Slater Medical Marijuana Act that legalizes medicinal cannabis.

2005

Dec 19 2005
United Kingdom's Civil Partnership Act takes effect.

Dec 17 2005
US President George Walker Bush admits authorizing domestic electronic surveillance without court order.

Dec 16 2005
New York Times publishes "Bush reportedly authorized agency to spy on Americans". The authorization is in apparent violation of the Foreign Surveillance Intelligence Act. New York Times admits withholding the story from print for over a year, news that could have influenced the outcome of the 2004 US Presidential election.

Dec 10 2005
Eugene Joseph McCarthy, former US Senator, candidate for US President and peace activist, dies.

Dec 8 2005
R W Bradford, founder of Liberty, Editor of Journal of Ayn Rand Studies, Randian objectivist and libertarian, dies. nyu.edu/projects/sciabarra/essays/2-sciabarra.pdf

Dec 5 2005
United Kingdom civil partnership law takes effect.

Dec 1 2005
South Africa Constitutional Court rules prohibition of same gender marriage unconstitutional.

Nov 9 2005
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Muhammad Ali, Carol Burnett, Vinton Cerf, Robert Conquest, Aretha Franklin, Alan Greenspan, Andy Griffith, Paul Harvey, Robert Kahn, Sonny Montgomery, Richard B Myers, Jack Nicklaus, Frank Robinson, Paul Rusesabagina.

Oct 24 2005
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks, African American civil rights activist, dies in Detroit, Michigan.

June 23 2005
New Brunswick Canada judge rules marriage equality allows same gender marriage.

June 8 2005
USS Liberty Veterans Association Inc General Legal Counsel James R Gotcher submits "A Report: War Crimes Committed Against U.S. Military Personnel, June 8 1967", claiming Israel committed war crimes during Israeli military's attack on USS Liberty in international waters off Egypt's Sinai coast on June 8 1967.

May 12 2005
United States District Judge rules Nebraska's prohibition of same gender marriage violates Equal Protect Clause of 14th Amendment.

Apr 20 2005
Connecticut Governor Jodi Rell signs bill allowing same gender civil unions.

Apr 17 2005
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Mar 14 2005
San Francisco County Superior Court Judge Richard Kramer rules California's prohibition of same gender marriage unconstitutional.

Feb 27 2005
United Nations World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) that would increase tobacco taxes and prohibit public tobacco smoking, advertising, promotions and sponsorships takes effect. who.int/tobacco/en

Feb 20 2005
Hunter Stockton Thompson, author, journalist and drug liberty activist, dies of gun wound in Woody Creek, Colorado.

Feb 11 2005
Attorney Lynne Stewart found guilty of aiding terrorism after she issued a press release with a statement by her client, Sheikh Omar Abdel-Rahman, urging his followers to break a cease fire with the Egyptian government. Prosecutors contend the statement was the equivalent of a call to resume hostilities.

Feb 7 2005
Cuba government prohibits smoking in public places.

Jan 19 2005
Louisiana Supreme Court upholds same gender marriage prohibition amendment.

2005
Latvia and Uganda amend their constitutions prohibiting same gender marriage.

2004

Dec 14 2004
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Lewis Paul Bremer III, Tommy Franks, George John Tenet.

Nov 2 2004
74% of Ann Arbor, Michigan voters overwhelmingly adopt Proposal C aka Ann Arbor Medical Marijuana Initiative. Freedom Activist Network Director Richard James Birkett authored Proposal C. Montana voters adopt medicinal cannabis Initiative 148. Oregon voters reject Measure 33 mandating medicinal cannabis distribution centers. George Walker Bush reelected US President.

Sept 21 2004
Montel Williams discusses medicinal cannabis with activist Angel McClary Raich on Montel Williams Show. View show on Real Player.

Sept 18 2004
Louisiana voters approve constitutional amendment restricting marriage to one man and one woman.

Aug 3 2004
Missouri voters approve constitutional amendment prohibiting same gender marriage.

July 7 2004
Thomas Chong, actor, comedian and cannabis liberty activist, is released from prison where he began serving his term on Oct 8 2003 after pleading guilty to US drug paraphrenalia law charges.

July 1 2004
Vermont enacts Senate Bill 76 legalizing medicinal cannabis.

June 23 2004
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Edward W Brooke, Doris Day, Gilbert M Grosvenor, Gordon B Hinckley, Estee Lauder, Rita Moreno, Arnold Palmer, Arnall Patz, Norman Podhoretz, Walter B Wriston.

June 5 2004
Ronald Wilson Reagan, former US President, dies.

June 4 2004
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Pope John Paul II.

May 17 2004
First same gender marriages in United States performed in Massachusetts.

Apr 15 2004
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Jan 20 2004
Ron Crickenberger, former Political Director of Libertarian National Committee Inc, dies.

2003

Dec 2 2003
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Robert L Bartley.

Nov 18 2003
Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, in Goodridge v Department of Public Health, rules state may not deny same gender marriage.

Nov 12 2003
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Lord Robertson.

Nov 5 2003
Police officers, with guns drawn, raid Stratford High School in Goose Creek, South Carolina, ordering students to get down on the floor while police search for cannabis. Students who didn't move fast enough were handcuffed. During the 45 minute raid no drugs were found. On Apr 4 2006 a federal judge approved a $1.2 million settlement for 59 students terrorized by the search. stopthedrugwar.org/chronicle/430/goosecreek.shtml

Nov 4 2003
Montel Williams, television talk show host of Montel Williams Show, is arrested at Detroit Metropolitan Airport, Romulus, Michigan, for possession of cannabis and paraphernalia. Williams later pleads guilty to possession of paraphernalia.

Oct 8 2003
Thomas Chong, actor, comedian and cannabis liberty activist, begins serving a 9 months prison term after being sentenced for US drug paraphrenalia law violations on Sept 11 2003.

Sept 11 2003
Thomas Chong, actor, comedian and cannabis liberty activist, is sentenced to 9 months prison, $103,000 fine and a year probation after pleading guilty to US drug paraphrenalia law charges on May 13 2003.

Aug 29 2003
Alaska Court of Appeals decides Alaskans have the right to grow and possess upto 4 ounces of marijuana in their home.
mpp.org/states/site/quicknews.cgi?key=4870

July 23 2003
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Jacques Barzun, Julia Child, Roberto Walker Clemente, Van Cliburn, Charlton Heston, Edward Teller, R David Thomas, Byron Raymond White, James Q Wilson, John R Wooden

June 29 2003
Don Topping, founder of Drug Policy Forum of Hawaii, medicinal cannabis liberty activist and cancer patient, dies.

June 10 2003
Ontario Appeals Court rules same gender marriage prohibition violates Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

June 7 2003
Cheryl Miller, medicinal cannabis liberty activist and multiple sclerosis patient, dies.

June 4 2003
Ed Rosenthal is sentenced to one day in jail after found guilty of violating US federal law prohibiting manufacture of cannabis.

June 1 2003
Belgium law allowing same gender marriage takes effect.

May 28 2003
National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws sponsors first Great American Bowl benefit at Hollywood Palace Theater, Hollywood, CA with B-Real, Jack Black, Steve Bloom, Jack Herer, Bill Maher, Paul Montgomery Shore, R Keith Stroup Esq

May 23 2003
New York City police officers mistakenly raid the home of Joe Celcis, smashing open the door, handcuffing several people, pointing a gun in the face of a 12 year old girl, and ransacking the house for 90 minutes before realizing they had raided the wrong address.

May 13 2003
Thomas Chong, actor, comedian and cannabis liberty activist, pleads guilty to US drug paraphrenalia law charges after his indictment resulting from Operation Pipe Dream on Feb 24 2003. Chong claims the plea was to spare his wife and son prosecution.

Apr 16 2003
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Mar 30 2003
Dyanne Petersen, of Libertarian Alliance, dies.

Feb 24 2003
US Drug Enforcement Administration announces indictments of 55 persons, including actor and comedian Thomas Chong, the culmination of investigations code named Operation Pipe Dreams and Operation Headhunter.

Feb 17 2003
22 Central Intelligence Agency agents participate in abducting Hassan Mustafa Osama Nasr, aka Abu Omar, in Milan Italy and sent him to Egypt for torture.

2002

Nov 20 2002
William Shotey, libertarian, Defender of Liberty Award recipient; Development Director of Small Government Alliance and Vice Chair of Liberatian Party of Wayne County, dies.

Oct 13 2002
Eugene Feingold, Board Director of American Civil Liberties Union of Washtenaw County, dies.

July 9 2002
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Hank Aaron, Bill Cosby, Placido Domingo, Peter Drucker, Katharine Graham, D A Henderson, Irving Kristol, Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, Gordon Moore, Nancy Reagan, Fred Rogers, A M Rosenthal

June 9 2002
Robert Lunday, member of Sensible Seattle Coalition Steering Committee and cannabis liberty activist, dies.

Apr 19 2002
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Jan 23 2002
Robert Nozick, philosopher and author of Anarchy, State and Utopia, dies.

2001

Nov 10 2001
Ken Kesey, aka Merry Prankster, author of One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, dies.

Oct 25 2001
US Drug Enforcement Administration agents raid and close medicinal cannabis provider Los Angeles Cannabis Resource Center in West Hollywood, California. letfreedomgrow.com/articles/ca020826.htm

Sept 11 2001
Come to be known as 9/11, both World Trade Center 110-story towers collapse, killing nearly 3,000, after each tower is rammed by separate hijacked commercial jets, in New York City, New York. Third plane, either a small jet or a hijacked commercial jet, broadsides Pentagon, killing 187, in Arlington, Virginia. Fourth hijacked commercial jet crashes in SW Pennsylvania, killing all aboard, but fails to reach the hijackers' intended target. Vice President Richard Cheney claims to have "ordered" United State Air Force to shoot down any threatening commercial jets, despite lacking constitutional or statutory authority to do so.

Sept 3 2001
US Federal Bureau of Investigation agent kills camp owner Grover Thomas Crosslin at his Rainbow Farm Campground, near Vandalia, Michigan, after Crosslin refuses to surrender himself for arrest or his property for forfeiture, preceded by an earlier search of his property allegedly revealing cannabis cultivation. Crosslin was also wanted for firearms law, tax law and bail violations. A Michigan State Police officer kills Crosslin's partner Rolland Rohm the next day Apr 4 2001
freedomactivist.net/conspiracy.html#rainbowfarm, theserialchiller.110mb.com/SweetLeaf420/html/RainbowFarm.html, mapinc.org/norml/v03.n1305.a07.html?, notesonthescene.com/rainbow_farm.html

Aug 18-19 2001
150,000 attend first two-day Seattle Hempfest held at Myrtle Edwards Park Pier 70, Seattle, Washington.

June 2 2001
Robert C Randall, medicinal cannabis liberty activist, glaucoma patient, co-founder of Alliance for Cannabis Therapeutics, and co-author (w Alice M O'Leary), Marijuana Rx: The Patients' Fight for Medicinal Pot, dies.

Apr 30 2001
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Apr 25 2001
Rheumatoid arthritis patient William Foster, originally sentenced to 93 years in prison for medicinal cannabis cultivation, is paroled after serving 5 years.

Apr 1 2001
Netherland law allowing same gender marriage takes effect.

Jan 14 2001
Ontario Canada court upholds validity of first modern same gender marriage.

2000

Dec 6 2000
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Aung San Suu Kyi.

Nov 7 2000
54% of Colorado voters adopt medicinal cannabis Amendment 20. Nevada voters adopt medicinal cannabis Question 9.

Aug 20 2000
100,000 attend 10th annual Seattle Hempfest held at Myrtle Edwards Park Pier 70, Seattle, Washington.

Aug 9 2000
US President George Walker Bush awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to James Edward Burke, John Hubbard Chafee, Wesley Kanne Clark, William Crowe, Marian Wright Edelman, John Kenneth Galbraith, George Higgins, Jesse Jackson, Mildred Jeffrey, Mathilde Krim, George Stanley McGovern, Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Cruz Reynoso, Gardner Taylor, Simon Wiesenthal

June 14 2000
Hawaii Senate Bill 862 legalizing medicinal cannabis becomes law.

June 14 2000
Peter Alexander McWilliams, medicinal cannabis liberty activist and author, while under house arrest, dies of suffocation from vomiting, after US federal judge deprives McWilliams of the most effective medicine that could have prevented his nausea, medicinal cannabis.

May 3 2000
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

2000
South Carolina, Oklahoma and Massachusetts prohibit tattoos.

1990s

1999 · 1998 · 1997 · 1996 · 1995 · 1994 · 1993 · 1992 · 1991 · 1990

1999

Dec 17 1999
Jim N Rosenfield, co-founder of Media Awareness Project; host of Conservatives on Prohibition, medicinal cannabis liberty activist, dies.

Nov 2 1999
62% of Maine voters adopt medicinal cannabis Question 2.

Sept 6 1999
Robert Kundert, cannabis liberty activist, founder and president of American Cannabis Society, dies.

Aug 22 1999
90,000 attend 9th annual Seattle Hempfest held at Myrtle Edwards Park Pier 70, Seattle, Washington.

July 8 1999
US Drug Enforcement Administration reclassifies Marinol, a synthetic form of tetra-hydro-cannabinol, a psychoactive compound found in cannabis, from Schedule II to Schedule III.

May 11 1999
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Apr 10 1999
Mary Jane Rathbun, aka "Brownie Mary", medicinal cannabis liberty activist, dies.

Mar 4 1999
Alaska medicinal cannabis proposition becomes law.

Feb 12 1999
US Senate acquits US President William Jefferson Blythe Clinton IV of perjury and obstruction of justice after US Senate trial and Dec 19 1998 impeachment by US House.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton#Acquittal_by_the_U.S._Senate

Feb 9 1999
Louisiana appeals court decides Louisiana's sodomy law violates "the right of consenting adults to engage in non-commercial sexual activity, free from government interference, is protected by the privacy clause of the Louisiana constitution."

1998

Dec 19 1998
US House of Representatives vote to impeach US President William Jefferson Blythe Clinton IV on counts of perjury and obstruction of justice. US Senate trial acquitted Clinton on Feb 12 1999.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton

Nov 3 1998
54% of Oregon voters adopt medicinal cannabis Measure 67. 58% of Alaskan voters adopt medicinal cannabis proposition. Washington state voters adopt medicinal cannabis Initiative 692. Washington DC voters pass medicinal cannabis proposal later rejected by US Congress.

Oct 15 1998
Winston Perry Bullard, former Michigan State Representative and cannabis liberty activist, dies of auto-asphyxiaphilia in Canton Township, Michigan.

May 29 1998
Barry Morris Goldwater, aka Mister Conservative, 1964 Republican Party nominee for US Pres, AZ US Senator, Conservative Activist and libertarian sympathizer, dies.

Apr 13 1998
Free Todd McCormick Rally held at 6:30 pm at Federal Courthouse, Los Angeles, California. Speakers include medicinal cannabis liberty activist and unsuccessful Republican candidate for California governor Dennis Peron and Ann McCormick, Todd's mother.

1997

Nov 5 1997
Isaiah Mendelevich Berlin, self-identifed liberal and author of Four Essays on Liberty and "Two Concepts of Liberty", dies in Oxford, England.

July 1997
Medicinal cannabis activist Todd McCormick is arrested by US Drug Enforcement Administration agents on federal cannabis cultivation violations. Todd McCormick claims California's Proposition 215 allows him to possess and cultivate cannabis to treat his intense cancer-induced pain and his clinical depression.

June 26 1997
Supreme Court of the United States invalidates Communications Decency Act.

June 15 1997
Legalize! sponsors First Global Anti-Prohibition Day at Amsterdam, San Francisco, Norwich and Tallinn

May 27 1997
In Suitum v Tahoe Regional Planning Agency (96-243), Supreme Court of the United States decides states must provide due process in "just compensation" claims by propertyowners burdened by land regulation.

May 26 1997
Supreme Court of the United States refuses to hear appeal of US Circuit Court of Appeals decision that Baltimore's prohibition of tobacco billboard advertising does not violate US Constitution's First Amendment. The Circuit Court wrote "Baltimore's interest is to protect children who are not yet independently able to assess the value of the message presented.''.

May 15 1997
US Coast Guard announces new policy of seizing boats attempting to enter Cuban waters.

Apr 5 1997
Irwin Allen Ginsberg, poet and hippie, dies.

Apr 4 1997
Leo Paoli, author of California Marijuana Initiative and cannabis liberty activist, dies in Napa, California.

Feb 22 1997
James A Lewis, 1984 Libertarian Party nominee for US Vice President and libertarian activist, dies.

1997
Montana Supreme Court decides Montana's gay sex law violates the right to privacy as protected by the state's constitution.

1996

Dec 20 1996
Carl Sagan dies.

June 29 1996
1270 prisoners massacred at Abu Salim prison in Tripoli, Libya after protesting prison condititons.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Salim_prison

May 31 1996
Timothy Leary, author, philosopher and drug liberty activist, dies.

Jan 4 1996
Cannabis liberty activists and seed entrepreneurs Marc Emery, Hillary Black, Jeremie Williams and J J Copps are arrested by Vancouver Police.

1996
United States President William Jefferson Blythe Clinton IV signs Defense of Marriage Act prohibiting federal recognition of same gender marriage.

1995

Aug 9 1995
Jerome John (Jerry) Garcia, musician and composer with Grateful Dead, dies.

Jan 7 1995
Murray Newton Rothbard, libertarian philosopher and author, dies.

1994

Sept 17 1994
Karl Raimund Popper, science philosopher, dies.

Apr 22 1994
Karl Hess, anarchist libertarian philosopher and speechwriter, dies.

Jan 4 1994
55% of California voters adopt medicinal cannabis Proposition 215.

Jan 4 1994
Cannabis liberty activist and seed entrepreneur Marc Emery is arrested by Vancouver Police.

1993

Dec 4 1993
Frank Vincent Zappa, musician, speech liberty activist, censorship critic and Cultural Liaison Officer to Czech Republic, dies.

Aug 8 1993
Sharpshooters from Kentucky State Police Special Response Team kill Gary Shepherd and wound his wife in his front yard in Broadhead, Kentucky after Shepherd refused police requests to enter his home and after false reports that Shepherd was firing a rifle at helicopters and holding his wife and child hostage. Shepherd, a disabled veteran, was allegedly growing cannabis for his own medicinal use. hr95.org/Memorial.html#shepherd, mir.drugtext.org/drcnet/guide2-95/gary.html

July 8 1993
Henry Hazlitt, Austrian school economist and libertarian philosopher, dies.

May 5 1993
Hawaii Supreme Court, in Baehr v Lewin, rules prohibition of same gender marriage unconstitutional.

Apr 19 1993
US Attorney General Janet Reno and US Federal Bureau of Investigation decide to end the standoff at the Davidian's Mount Carmel compound near Waco, Texas. Tanks smash through walls and sprays CS gas inside the compound. FBI agents fire "ferret" canisters using grenade launchers through all windows. Fire and smoke kills 76 including 27 children. 20 of the dead also have gunshot wounds. 7 who survive the fire are arrested.
also see Waco Siege

Jan 1993
US President George Herbert Walker Bush pardons Aslam Adam, a Pakistani convicted in 1985 of smuggling $1 million worth of heroin from Pakistan.

1992

Dec 24 1992
US President George Herbert Walker Bush Sr pardons Elliot L Abrams, Duane Ramsdell Clarridge, Alan D Friers, Jr, Clair E George, Robert Carl McFarlane and Caspar Willard Weinberger, all whom had been implicated in the Iran-Contra cocaine for arms for hostages conspiracy.

Oct 2 1992
Police kill Donald Scott in his home in Malibu, California after invading his home with two forfeiture specialists with orders to seize his $5 million ranch if cannabis plants are found. No plants, drugs or paraphrenalia were found. Scott was opposed to all drug use.

Aug 25 1992
San Francisco, California Board of Supervisors declare Aug 25 1992 "Brownie Mary Day" honoring medicinal cannabis liberty activist Mary Jane Rathbun.

Aug 30 1992
Avoiding a planned US Federal Bureau of Investigation assault, James (Bo) Gritz convinces Randall Claude Weaver to surrender, ending the Ruby Ridge Idaho standoff.

Aug 22 1992
US Federal Bureau of Investigation sniper Lon Horiuchi shoots off the head of Randall Claude Weaver's wife Vicki at Weavers' property in Ruby Ridge, Idaho.

Aug 21 1992
Randall Claude Weaver's son Sammy and US Marshall William Degan shot dead after firefight at Weavers' property in Ruby Ridge, Idaho.

July 10 1992
Manuel Antonio Noriega is sentenced to a 40 year prison term without parole after jury convicts him of 8 counts of drug smuggling, conspiracy and racketeering.

May 22 1992
Roy A Childs Jr, anarchist libertarian and author, dies.

Mar 23 1992
Friedrich A von Hayek, Austrian school economist, classical liberal philosopher and author, dies in Freiburg, Germany. hayekcenter.org/friedrichhayek/hayek_gravestone.html

Mar 1992
Secretary of the United States Department of Health and Human Services Louis Wade Sullivan terminates Investigational New Drug Compassionate Access Program that provides medicinal cannabis to individual patients, except to those 15 patients who were receiving cannabis at the time.

1991

Dec 1 1991
George Joseph Stigler, University of Chicago free market economist, dies.

June 23 1991
Public Health Service Chief James O Mason suspends the fourteen year-old Investigational New Drug Compassionate Access Program that provides medicinal cannabis to individual patients.

Aug 17 1991
500 attend first annual Seattle Hempfest, originally billed as Washington Hemp Expo, held at Volunteer Park, Seattle, Washington.

Feb 24 1991
United States military and its allies start their ground attack to eject the Iraqi military from Kuwait.

Jan 17 1991
United States military and its allies start bombing Iraq.

1990

Sept 27 1990
European Court of Human Rights decides transgenders do not have the right to change the gender listed on their birth certificates nor the right to marry.

Aug 2 1990
Iraq military attacks and occupies Kuwait.

July 21 1990
Former Pink Floyd bassist Roger Waters, The Band, The Hooters, Van Morrison, Sinead O'Connor, Cyndi Lauper, Marianne Faithfull, Scorpions, Joni Mitchell, Paul Carrack, Thomas Dolby and Bryan Adams perform Pink Floyd's The Wall at Rogers' own expense, held at Potsdamer Platz, part of the former "no-man's land" of the Berlin Wall.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wall_Concert_in_Berlin

July 11 1990
Hong Kong repeals its sodomy laws.

June 24 1990
200,000 attend Gay Pride parade in New York City, New York.

June 24 1990
Nevil Schoenmakers, owner of Seed Bank in Amsterdam, Netherlands, is arrested at the request of US Government by Australian police while visiting his family in Perth.

Apr 22 1990
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Jan 3 1990
Panamanian President Manuel Antonio Noriega surrenders to the US Drug Enforcement Administration at a Catholic nunnery in Papal Nuncio, Panama.

1980s

1989 · 1988 · 1987 · 1986 · 1985 · 1984 · 1983 · 1982 · 1981 · 1980

1989

Dec 29 1989
Czechoslovak voters elect Vaclav Havel President. Havel appoints musician Frank Vincent Zappa Cultural Liaison Officer to US.

Dec 24 1989
Panaman President Manuel Antonio Noriega seeks refuge in a Catholic nunnery in Papal Nuncio, Panama.

Dec 20 1989
US President George Herbert Walker Bush orders United States military to attack Panama.

Nov 15 1989
Massachusetts enacts gay anti-discrimination law.

Nov 9 1989
Berlin Wall is dismantled as East Germany and West Germany are reunified.

Oct 23 1989
320,000 East Germans protest in Leipzig, East Germany.

Oct 16 1989
120,000 East Germans protest in Leipzig, East Germany.

Oct 9 1989
70,000 East Germans protest in Leipzig, East Germany.

Oct 3 1989
Coup attempt fails against Panama President Manuel Antonio Noriega.

Oct 1 1989
Denmark legalizes gay marriages.

Sept 4 1989
East Germans in Leipzig, East Germany protest travel restrictions after Hungary opens its border with Austria. Later protests on Oct 9, Oct 16 and Oct 23 grow in size.

June 3-4 1989
300-7,000 protesters are killed by China's People's Liberation Army at Tiananmen Square, Beijing, China.
cnd.org/China89, infoplease.com/spot/tiananmen.html

May 7 1989
Guillermo Endara wins Panamanian Presidential election by margin of 3 to 1. Panamanian President Manuel Noriega "vacates" the election results.

Apr 30 1989
30,000 march in Austin, Texas demanding repeal of Texas' sodomy laws and increased funding for AIDS programs.

Feb 14 1989
"I inform the proud Muslim people of the world that the author of The Satanic Verses [Salman Rushdie], which is against Islam, the Prophet and the Koran, and all involved in its publication who were aware of its content, are sentenced to death. ... I call on all zealous Muslims to execute them quickly, wherever they find them. ... Whoever is killed on this path will be regarded as a martyr." states Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran.

1989
In Webster v Reproductive Health Services, Supreme Court of the United States decides states may restrict or prohibit government funds, facilities, and employees from performing or assisting abortions.

1988

Dec 1 1988
First World AIDS Day, sponsored by United Nations' World Health Organization.

Sept 18 1988
8888 Uprising ends as Tatmadaw, the Burma/Myanmar security forces, kill ~3000 protesters and others, after a bloody coup by State Law and Order Restoration Council at Rangoon, Burma.

Aug 8 1988
8888 Uprising begins as Burma students, and later, monks protest demanding democracy.

May 2 1988
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Mar 23 1988
Israel repeals its sodomy laws.

Feb 5 1988
US grand jury indicts Manuel Antonio Noriega on US drug law violations.

1987

Oct 11 1987
500,000 attend gay rights rally in Washington, District of Columbia, the largest gay gathering ever.

Feb 14-20 1987
First National Condom Week.

1986

Dec 5 1986
Nevada Supreme Court upholds their state's sodomy laws.

Dec 2 1986
Ontario, Canada enacts gay anti-discrimination law.

Oct 3 1986
Nicaragua shoots down Central Intelligence Agency chartered Southern Air Transport plane, capturing cargo handler Eugene Hasenfus, exposing the Iran-Contra conspiracy
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene_Hasenfus

July 15 1986
Missouri Supreme Court upholds their state's sodomy laws.

July 9 1986
New Zealand repeals its sodomy laws.

June 30 1986
Supreme Court of the United States decides Georgia's sodomy law is not unconstitutional.

1985

Sept 19 1985
Frank Vincent Zappa and Jello Biafra testify at US Senate Commerce, Technology and Transportation Committee's music hearings criticizing Parents Music Resource Center proposals for rating music.

1985
Texas enacts gay-only sodomy law in an attempt to conform to federal court objections to prohibiting heterosexual sodomy.

1984

Dec 8 1984
Virginia jury finds Larry Flynt did not libel Jerry Falwell in a Hustler magazine parody of Falwell as a incestuous drunk.

Dec 5 1984
Berkeley, California passes law extending benefits to city employees' domestic partners.

May 30 1984
Supreme Court of the United States decides a New York state law prohibiting loitering for the purpose of deviant sexual intercourse unconstitutional.

1983

May 21 1983
Eric Hoffer, philosopher and author, dies.

May 5 1983
Wisconsin becomes 27th US state to repeal its sodomy laws.

1982

Dec 18 1982
Quebec, Canada parliament approves domestic partners law.

Oct 25 1982
Northern Ireland repeals its sodomy laws.

Sept 21 1982
Oklahoma Supreme Court decides homosexuality is not grounds for ruling a parent unfit.

Aug 17 1982
Federal court decides Texas sodomy law unconstitutional.

Mar 6 1982
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, dies in New York City, New York.

Feb 25 1982
Wisconsin becomes the first US state to enact a statewide gay anti-discrimination law.

1981

Sept 16 1981
US Representative Newt Gingrich introduces legislation that would allow medicinal use of cannabis.

Aug 26 1981
Roger Baldwin, co-founder of American Civil Liberties Union, dies.

July 6 1981
US Federal court decides Houston, Texas' law prohibiting cross-dressing unconstitutional.

June 3 1981
A Maryland court upholds state law prohibiting oral sodomy.

May 11 1981
Robert Nesta "Bob" Marley, singer, songwriter, High Times Counterculture Hall of Fame Inductee, cannabis smoker and rastafarian, dies.

Feb 5 1981
Toronto, Ontario, Canada police arrest 305 men during a raid on four gay bathhouses. Police cause extensive property damage. 3,000 protest the following night.

1980

Dec 18 1980
New York State Court of Appeals nullifies state sodomy laws.

Apr 21 1980
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Apr 15 1980
Jean Paul Sartre, philosopher and author, dies in Paris, France.

Jan 19 1980
William Orville Douglas, Supreme Court of the United States Associate Justice, dies in Washington, District of Columbia.

1970s

1979 · 1978 · 1977 · 1976 · 1975 · 1974 · 1973 · 1972 · 1971 · 1970

1979

Dec 25 1979
Soviet Union military invades Afghanistan.

Oct 14 1979
100,000 attend Gay and Lesbian Civil Rights March on Washington, District of Columbia.

July 1979
Virginia becomes first US state to enact medicinal cannabis law.

May 21 1979
White Night Riots. San Francisco, California jury finds former San Francisco Supervisor Dan White guilty of two counts of voluntary manslaughter, not murder, for killing openly gay San Francisco Supervisor Harvey Milk and San Francisco Mayor George Mascone. Protests after the verdict culminates at City Hall where 150 are injured and police cars are burned. Later that night, San Francisco police officers enter the gay bar White Elephant and beat patrons, many who had no part in protests earlier that day.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Night_Riots

1978

Nov 27 1978
Former San Francisco, California Supervisor Dan White assassinates openly gay Supervisor Harvey Milk and Mayor George Mascone after Mascone refuses to reinstate White to the Board of Supervisors. White had resigned earlier and was critical of gay rights. Spontaneous candlelight vigil forms on San Francisco's Market Street.

Nov 7 1978
California voters defeat Proposition 6 by a 59% to 41% margin. Proposition 6 would have prohibited gays and anyone advocating a gay lifestyle from teaching in public schools.

July 27 1978
New Jersey repeals its sodomy laws.

June 25 1978
350,000 attend Gay Freedom Day Parade in San Francisco, California.

Apr 30 1978
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Mar 20 1978
San Francisco, California Board of Supervisors passes gay anti-discrimination law by 11 to 1.

1977

Nov 8 1977
Spontaneous celebrations fill San Francisco, California's streets after openly gay candidate Harvey Milk is elected to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors.

June 26 1977
300,000 attend Gay Pride parade in San Francisco, California and 75,000 in New York City, New York. Barcelona, Spain police fire rubber bullets at a gay pride parade of 4,000, injuring dozens.

June 8 1977
10,000 attend a spontaneous gay rights march, protesting Dade County, Florida's repeal of their gay anti-discrimination law. Florida enacts law prohibiting marriages and adoptions by gays.

June 7 1977
Dade County, Florida voters repeal gay anti-discrimination law by more than 2 to 1 margin.

May 30 1977
Nebraska legislature overrides their governor's veto and repeals its sodomy laws.

Mar 17 1977
Arkansas reinstates its sodomy laws two years after it repealed them.

Jan 21 1977
US President Jimmy Carter grants Vietnam draft evaders full pardon.

1976

July 1976
US Central Intelligence Agency discovers plot by Uruguay military officers Colonel José Fons and Major José Nino Gavazzoto to assassinate New York City Mayor Edward Irving Koch, but fails to inform Koch until 2 months later.

June 24 1976
Iowa becomes 17th US state to repeal its sodomy laws.

June 10 1976
West Virginia becomes 16th US state to repeal its sodomy laws.

Apr 10 1976
National Tax Protest Day.

Mar 29 1976
Supreme Court of the United States upholds Virginia's sodomy laws in a 6-3 vote.

1975

Nov 25 1975
Leaders of the military intelligence services of Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay meet with Manuel Contreras, chief of the Chilean secret police Direccion de Inteligencia Nacional (DINA), in Santiago, Chile, to plan elimination of leftist and socialist opposition and dissent by abduction and assassination called Operation Condor.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Condor

June 7 1975
New Hampshire inadvertently repeals its sodomy laws when they reformed its rape law.

May 27 1975
Alaska Supreme Court, in Ravin v State decides Alaska Constitution's privacy clause protects the right to possess up to 1 ounce of cannabis in a home.
druglibrary.org/schaffer/legal/l1970/ravin.htm

May 12 1975
California repeals its sodomy laws.

Apr 3 1975
New Mexico becomes tenth US state to repeal its sodomy laws.

Mar 11 1975
Madison, Wisconsin city council passes gay anti-discrimination law.

1974

Sept 8 1974
US President Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr pardons Richard Milhouse Nixon.

Aug 9 1974
US President Richard Milhouse Nixon resigns. US Vice President Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr is sworn in as US President.

June 30 1974
40,000 attend Fifth Annual Christopher Street Liberation Day Parade commemorating Stonewall protests.

Apr 1974
United States wage and price controls mostly abolished.
econreview.com/events/wageprice1971b.htm

1973

Nov 5 1973
Supreme Court of the United States upholds Florida's sodomy laws.

Oct 26 1973
Yom Kippur War ends.

Oct 10 1973
Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises, Austrian School economist, philosopher, classical liberal and author, dies.

Oct 6 1973
Israeli military attacks Egypt to start the Yom Kippur War.

Sept 11 1973
US President Richard Millhous Nixon, US Secretary of State Heinz (Henry) Alfred Kissinger, US Central Intelligence Agency, Chile General Augusto Pinochet, International Telephone and Telegraph and Pepsico plot to depose democratically elected Chile President Salvador Isabellino Allende Gossens that ends in Allende's assassination and Pinochet's accent to power.

June 1973
20,000 attend Fourth Annual Christopher Street Liberation Day Parade commemorating Stonewall protests.

Feb 27 1973
Lakotans and American Indian Movement begin 71 day occupation at Wouded Knee ending after US military intervention.

Jan 22 1973
In Roe v Wade (410 US 113), Supreme Court of the United States decides laws prohibiting abortion violate a person's 9th Amendment right to privacy. Roe has since worked to reverse the decision.

Jan 1 1973
Maryland's Family Law Act of 1973 is first state prohibition of same gender marriage.

1972

Dec 14 1972
Apollo 17 astronaut Eugene A Cernan becomes the last human Earthling to walk on the Moon.

Nov 21 1972
Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals overturns convictions of "Chicago Seven" defendants Rennard Cordon "Rennie" Davis, David T Dellinger, Thomas Emmet Hayden, Abbott Howard "Abbie" Hoffman and Jerry C Rubin
fjc.gov/history/home.nsf/page/tu_chicago7_background.html, law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/Chicago7/chronology.html

June 19 1972
In United States v United States District Court, Supreme Court of the United States decides warrantless domestic national security surveillanace and wiretaps violates the warrant requirement of the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution of the United States, and resulting evidence suppressed. The decision leads to Lawrence "Pun" Plamondon's release from prison.

June 19 1972
Ann Arbor, Michigan hosts first official Gay Pride Week proclaimed by city council weeks earlier.

June 17 1972
Bernard L Barker, Virgilio Gonzalez, Eugenio Martinez, James Walter McCord Jr and Frank Anthony Sturgis break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters at Watergate Office complex in Washington, District of Columbia. Police apprehend the burglars to start a chain of events leading to then US President Richard Millhous Nixon's resignation on Aug 9 1974. Start of the Watergate scandal.

Apr 15 1972
Frank Hyneman Knight, University of Chicago free market economist, dies.

Apr 1 1972
Michigan's new misdemeanor cannabis law takes effect after 3 weeks with no state cannabis law. Anonymous flyers advertise "Hash Festival", later known as Ann Arbor Hash Bash, held at University of Michigan Diag, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Mar 23 1972
Delaware becomes sixth US state to repeal its sodomy laws. Oregon, Hawaii and Colorado were the third, fourth and fifth US states earlier.

Mar 22 1972
National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, chaired by Raymond P Shafer, submits its report "Marihuana: A Signal of Misunderstanding" to President and Congress of the United States.

Mar 9 1972
Michigan Supreme Court overturns John Alexander Sinclair's July 1969 conviction and declares state felony cannabis laws unconstitutional leaving Michigan without a state cannabis law until Apr 1 1972.

Mar 7 1972
East Lansing, Michigan becomes first city to prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation in city hiring.

1971

Dec 13 1971
Michigan Supreme Court orders the release of John Sinclair from prison after serving 2-1/2 years of 9-1/2 to 10 year sentence for giving an undercover narcotics officer 2 cannabis cigarettes.

Dec 10 1971
15,000 attend the John Sinclair Freedom Rally at Crisler Arena, Ann Arbor, Michigan with Irwin Allen Ginsberg, Jerry C Rubin, Edward Sanders, Robert George "Bobby" Seale, Rennard C "Rennie" Davis, David T Dellinger, Leni Sinclair, Elsie Sinclair and other speakers. John Winston Ono Lennon, Yoko Ono, Bob Seger, Stevie Wonder, Commander Cody and His Lost Planet Airmen, David Peel, Phil Ochs, Teegarden and Van Winkle, The Up and other musicians perform.
garygrimshaw.com/Gallery/D-010.jpg

Oct 1 1971
Connecticut becomes second US state to repeal its sodomy laws.

Aug 21 1971
Bolivia General Hugo Banzar Suarez, trained by the School of the Americas later renamed Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation and supported by the Central Intelligence Agency, leads coup that deposes Bolivia President Juan Jose Torres.

Aug 15 1971
US President Richard Millhaus Nixon imposes wage and price controls in United States.
econreview.com/events/wageprice1971b.htm

July 10 1971
Austrian Parliament decriminalizes its sodomy laws.

June 29 1971
Alaska's US Senator Maurice Gravel enters 4,100 pages of classified documents known as the the Pentagon Papers into the record of Subcommittee on Public Buildings and Grounds.

June 13 1971
New York Times starts publishing classified documents known as the Pentagon Papers leaked to them by Daniel Ellsberg.

Jan 7 1971
US National Commission on Reform of Federal Criminal Laws, in it's final report, recommends repeal of all federal laws prohibiting sodomy.

1971
David Nolan and other libertarians found the Libertarian Party.

1970

Oct 22 1970
Assailants, funded $50,000 by US Central Intelligence Agency as authorized by US President Richard Millhous Nixon and US Secretary of State Heinz Alfred (Henry) Kissinger, assassinate Chile Army Commander-in-Chief General Rene Schneider Chereau in a failed kidnapping plot, allegedly because Schneider would not agree to a US coup plot to depose Chile President-elect Salvador Isabellino Allende Gossens.

Oct 1 1970
US Presidential Commission on Pornography, in it's final report, recommends repeal of most laws prohibiting display and sale of sexually explicit materials. US President Richard Millhous Nixon criticizes the commission's recommendations and vows to ignore them.

Sept 15 1970
US President Richard Millhous Nixon, US Secretary of State Heinz Alfred (Henry) Kissinger and US Central Intelligence Agency Director Richard Helms meet and Nixon authorizes $10 million for a military coup to depose Chile President-elect Salvador Isabellino Allende Gossens. They conclude Chile Army Chief General Rene Schneider would not agree to a US coup plot and was targeted to be kidnapped, and as some allege, assassinated.

Aug 7-9 1970
200,000-300,000 attend Goose Lake International Music Festival at Goose Lake Park east of Jackson, Michigan with Emcees Teegarden and Van Winkle, Brownsville Station, Chicago, John Drake Shake Down, Flock, Flying Burrito Brothers, James Gang, Jethro Tull, MC5, Mighty Quick, Mountain, New York Rock Ensemble, Mitch Ryder and the Detroit Wheels, SRC, Savage Grace, John Sebastian, Bob Seger, Rod Stewart and the Faces, Stooges, Ten Years After, Third Power, Up. Alice Cooper, Joe Cocker, Savoy Brown were advertised but did not play. Widespread drug use, drug sales, public sex and some rapes occur. Police search and arrest some departing attendees on drug law violations. Other departing attendees abandon drugs in the park on advice of Emcees Teegarden and Van Winkle. Later, promoter Richard Songer indicted and acquitted of drug distribution law violations. Goose Lake is now a public park.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goose_Lake_International_Music_Festival, metrotimes.com/editorial/story.asp?id=13036, bluestormmusic.com/gallery/MEM_savoy-goose-lake_00.jpg, makemyday.free.fr/70/mc5_posters_1970_4.htm

July 4 1970
Fourth of July Hemp Coalition holds 1st annual Fourth of July Smoke-In at Washington, District of Columbia.

June 28 1970
10,000 attend gay pride parade in New York City, New York's Sixth Ave celebrating the first anniversary of the Stonewall protests.

May 26 1970
Secret aerial bombing of eastern Cambodia by United States Strategic Air Command, codenamed Operation Menu after its start on Mar 18 1969, ends after 14 months and 100,000 to 600,000 Cambodian civilian deaths. The bombing enrages Cambodians, creating the opportunity for Khmer Rouge to gain control of the Cambodian government. Khmer Rouge's subsequent murder of 1.5 million Cambodians adds to the horrorific blowback from Operation Menu.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Menu

May 4 1970
Ohio National Guard kill 4 Kent State University students in Kent, Ohio during anti-Vietnam war protests.

Apr 22 1970
Earth Day. US Senator Gaylord Nelson organizes this version of Earth Day with 20 million participants.

Apr 18 1970
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Mar 20 1970
Spring Soltice Earth Day. John McConnell organizes the first Earth Day to coincide with vernal equinox (first day of Spring) and is recognized by United Nations with ringing of UN Peace Bells in New York and Vienna at 2:35am EST. Oddly, there is no spring soltice, only winter soltice (Dec 21) and summer soltice (June 21). Soltice denotes the longest day or longest night. Equinox denotes equal day and night.

Mar 8 1970
New York City police raid a Greenwich Village gay bar, the Snake Pit, for liquor law violations and arrest more than 150 patrons. Charges against all but a few patrons are dropped after newspaper editorials claim it was not illegal to be in a place where liquor law violations occur.

Feb 19 1970
"Chicago Seven" jury acquits all defendants of the conspiracy charges, defendants Froines and Wiener of all charges. Jury finds the other five defendants guilty of violating the Anti-Riot Act.
fjc.gov/history/home.nsf/page/tu_chicago7_background.html, law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/Chicago7/chronology.html

Feb 2 1970
Bertrand Russell, philosopher and author, dies in Penrhyndeudraeth, Wales.

1960s

1969, 1968, 1967, 1966, 1965, 1964, 1963, 1962, 1961, 1960

1969

Oct 1969
Lawrence "Pun" Plamondon indicted for bombing clandestine Central Intelligence Agency office in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Plamondon flees to Algeria.

Aug 30-31 1969
Modern United States libertarian movement born, claim many libertarians, at Young Americans for Freedom's annual conference held in Saint Louis, Missouri, where a libertarian burned his draft card, libertarians walked out, and later some Young Americans for Freedom chapters converted to Students for Individual Liberty chapters.
yaf.com/rebels2.shtml, amconmag.com/2006/2006_11_06/cover.html

Aug 15-18 1969
500,000 attend Woodstock Music and Arts Fair at Max Yasgur's 600 acre farm in Bethel, New York southwest of Woodstock, New York with Hugh Romney aka Wavy Gravy, Abbott Howard Hoffman, Joan Baez, Band, Blood Sweat and Tears, Paul Butterfield Blues Band, Canned Heat, Joe Cocker, Country Joe and the Fish, Creedence Clearwater Revival, Crosby Stills Nash and Young, Grateful Dead, Arlo Gutherie, Richie Havens, Tim Hardin, Keef Hartley Band, Jimi Hendrix, Incredible String Band, Jefferson Airplane, Janis Joplin and The Kozmic Blues Band, Melanie, Mountain, Quill, Santana, John Sebastian, Sha-Na-Na, Ravi Shankar, Sly and the Family Stone, Bert Sommer, Sweetwater, Who, Johnny Winter
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodstock_Festival, woodstock69.com

July 28 1969
John Alexander Sinclair begins serving 9-1/2 to 10 year sentence after being denied an appeal bond.

July 20 1969
Apollo 11 astronaut Neil A Armstrong becomes the first human Earthling to walk on the Moon. Fellow astronaut Buzz Aldrin becomes the second human Earthling to walk on the moon shortly later.

July 4 1969
First Fourth of July Smoke-In, later known as Rally, March and Concert to End Marijuana Prohibition, held at Washington Momument, Washington, District of Columbia

June 27-28 1969
A New York City police raid Stonewall Inn, a Greenwich Village bar, for liquor law violations. The raid preceeds two nights of protests by gays, lesbians and transvestites, marred by fires, rock throwing and property damage.

Mar 18 1969
US President Richard Millhous Nixon orders intensification of secret aerial bombing of eastern Cambodia by United States Strategic Air Command, later codenamed Operation Menu. Secret aerial bombing of eastern Cambodia began in 1965 during US President Lyndon Baines Johnson's term.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Menu

1968

Oct 30 1968
Rose Wilder Lane, libertarian and adoptive grandmother of Roger McBride (deceased), dies in her sleep.

Oct 2 1968
Tlatelolco Massacre, aka The Night of Tlatelolco, Mexican army and police kill between 200 to 300 demonstrators at Plaza de las Tres Culturas, Mexico City, Mexico. Thousands of demonstrators are arrested and held in prisons and military camps. Central Intelligence Agency's Mexico City station, relying on high ranking Mexican officials, including President Gustavo Diaz Ordaz, who were part of a secret joint intelligence network code-named LiTempo, provides Washington with at least 15 different and contradicting fictional accounts of the massacre.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlatelolco_massacre, gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB204/index.htm, elenemigocomun.net/1608, machetera.wordpress.com/2008/10/02/tlatelolco-the-40th-anniversary

Apr 24 1968
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Apr 4 1968
James Earl Ray, possibly with other conspirators, assassinates Martin Luther King, Jr. Ray confesses, but later denies killing King. King family members accept with Ray's denial.

1968
John Alexander Sinclair and Lawrence "Pun" Plamondon cofound White Panther Party in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

1967

June 20 1967
Jury convicts Mohammed Ali, boxing champion formerly known as Cashius Clay, of draft evasion.

June 10 1967
Israel declares ceasefire to end Six Day War.

June 8 1967
Israel military attacks the USS Liberty in international waters off Egypt's Sinai coast during the Six Day War. Attack recounted in documentary Assault on the Liberty. "A Report: War Crimes Committed Against U.S. Military Personnel, June 8 1967" war crimes complaint submitted June 8 2005.

June 5 1967
Israel attacks Egypt, Jordan and Syria to start the Six Day War. Israel occupies Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip, Golan Heights, and West Bank. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Day_War

May 26 1967
Egypt Prime Minister Nasser orders blockade of Israeli shipping in the Straits of Tiran.

Jan 24 1967
John Alexander Sinclair is arrested after giving two cannabis cigarettes to a Detroit Narcotics Bureau undercover policewoman on Dec 22 1966.

1966

Dec 28 1966
Frank Chodorov, libertarian, individualist, philosopher and economic liberty activist, dies.

Dec 22 1966
John Alexander Sinclair gives two cannabis cigarettes to a Detroit Narcotics Bureau undercover policewoman.

Sept 6 1966
Margaret Higgins Sanger, reproductive liberty activist and founder of American Birth Control League later renamed Planned Parenthood Federation, dies.

July 4 1966
US President Lyndon Baines Johnson signs Freedom of Information Act.

June 16 1966
In Miranda, Supreme Court of the United States decides to withhold confessions from trial obtained before police warn arrestees of their rights.

Mar 11 1966
Central Intelligence Agency backed military coup deposes Indonesia President Sukarno (now deceased).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition_to_the_New_Order

Feb 24 1966
Central Intelligence Agency backed coup deposes Ghana's democratically elected President Kwame Nkrumah.
ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/history/cia_nkrumah.php, historycommons.org/context.jsp?item=ghana_1866

1966
Moroccan government cracks down on cannabis growers in the Rif Mountains.

1965

Sept 30 1965
Assassination of 6 Indonesia Generals precedes massacre of 500,000+ and imprisonment of 1,000,000+ suspected communists.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_killings_of_1965–1966

Mar 7 1965
Heavily armed Alabama State Troopers and deputies brutally assault civil rights marchers at the Edmund Pettus Bridge on the outskirts of Selma, Alabama.

1964

1964
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, publishes The Virtue of Selfishness.

1964
Nobel Committee awards Martin Luther King, Jr the Nobel Prize for Peace.

1964
US enacts Civil Rights Act prohibiting discrimination and establishing Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.

1963

Nov 24 1963
Jack Leon Ruby assassinates Lee Harvey Oswald on live television in the basement of Dallas Police headquarters.

Nov 22 1963
US President John Fitzgerald Kennedy assassinated in Dallas, Texas by Lee Harvey Oswald, allegedly in conspiracy with possibly Lyndon Baines Johnson, Richard Millhous Nixon, US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Mafia and/or others. Later, CIA literally erases any connection between Kennedy's assassination and the CIA, and CIA Counter intelligence Chief James Jesus Angleton calls Bill Sullivan of the FBI and rehearses the questions and answers they would give to the Warren Commission investigators claims Harry Robbins (H R) Haldeman. See Assassinations

Nov 22 1963
Aldous Huxley, philosopher and author of Brave New World, dies.

Nov 2 1963
South Vietnam military, with United States assurances of non-response, deposes and assassinates President Ngo Dinh Diem. Coup leaders receive $42,000 from Central Intelligence Agency liason Lucien Emile Conein.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1963_South_Vietnamese_coup

Aug 28 1963
200,000 hear Martin Luther King, Jr deliver his "I Have A Dream" speech in front of the Lincoln Memorial, Washington, District of Columbia.

June 12 1963
Byron De La Beckwith assassinates African black rights activist Medgar Wiley Evers in Evers' driveway in Jackson, Mississippi.

1962

Oct 22 1962
US President John Fitzgerald Kennedy orders the US Navy to blockade military shipments into Cuba to coerce Cuba to remove Soviet Union supplied missles from Cuban soil.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisis#Quarantine

1961

Aug 15 1961
East German government begins construction on the Berlin Wall dividing East Berlin from West Berlin. East Germany issues order to shoot anyone attempting to cross.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Wall

Aug 13 1961
East German government closes border between East Berlin and West Berlin.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Wall

Apr 17 1961
1,300 exiled Cubans land at Bay of Pigs, Cuba. 114 die and 1,189 become prisoners before Cuban military ends the revolt days later. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bay_of_Pigs_Invasion, parascope.com/articles/1296/bayofpigs.htm

1961
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, publishes For the New Intellectual.

1961
Illinois becomes first US state to repeal its sodomy laws.

1960

Sept 14 1960
Colonel Joseph Mobutu, with the support of US Central Intelligence Agency and Britain's Secret Intelligence Service aka MI6, originates coup d'etat that deposes Republic of Congo's democratically elected Prime Minister Patrice Emery Lumumba.

Apr 10 1960
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

1960
US Food and Drug Administration approves contraceptive pills.

1950s

1959, 1958, 1957, 1956, 1955, 1954, 1953, 1952, 1951, 1950

1959

Mar 10 1959
Tibetan National Day. People's Republic of China government forceably suppresses Tibetan protests against Chinese occupation. Dalai Lama flees to India.

1958

Apr 10 1958
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Jan 1958
Mao Zedong proposes and implements "Great Leap Forward" that precedes the "Great Chinese Famine" in which 20-43 million Chinese die of famine.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Chinese_Famine

1957

Oct 10 1957
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, publishes Atlas Shrugged.

1956

Aug 25 1956
Alfred Charles Kinsey, biologist, human sex researcher and sexual liberty activist, dies.

Mar 22 1956
Martin Luther King, Jr is convicted of violating an statute prohibiting boycotts without just cause, and is sentenced $500 fine or 1 year in jail. After losing his appeal, King pays the fine. No other indicted Montgomery Bus Boycott leaders are prosecuted. montgomeryboycott.com/timeline.htm

Feb 21 1956
90 Montgomery Bus Boycott leaders indicted by a Montgomery County grand jury for violating a statute prohibiting boycotts without just cause. montgomeryboycott.com/timeline.htm

1955

Dec 5 1955
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks is convicted and fined for disorderly conduct, starting the Montgomery Bus Boycott. montgomeryboycott.com

Dec 1 1955
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks, an African American, refuses to give up her seat to a white man on a Montgomery, Alabama public bus. She is arrested by Montgomery police for violating a bus segregation law.

1954

July 14 1954
Israeli intelligence organization Unit 131 bomb United States Information Agency libraries in Alexandria and Cairo Egypt, as part of covert false flag Operation Susannah intended to influence British government policy by blaming the bombings on Muslim Brotherhood and Egyptian communists. Egyptian authorities were tipped off, and, arrest and prosecute the bombers. The failed operation is aka "Lavon Affair", named for resigning Israeli defense minister Pinhas Lavon. Aka "Unfortunate Affair", "The Bad Business".
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavon_Affair

June 14 1954
US President Dwight David Eisenhower signs the Oakman-Ferguson congressional joint resolution adding "under god" to "The Pledge of Allegiance", originally published by socialist Francis Bellamy on Sept 8 1892.

1953

Aug 19 1953
US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and Britain's Secret Intelligence Service aka MI6 organize coup d'etat deposing Iran's democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammed Mosaddeq (now deceased) and installs General Fazlollah Zahedi (now deeased) as Prime Minister and restores Iran monarchy with Shah Reza Pahlavi (now deceased). Zahedi had been imprisoned by Britain for his attempt to establish a pro-Nazi government during World War II. The CIA gave Zahedi $100,000 before the coup and $5 million the day afer the coup.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d'état

June 1 1953
John Dewey, philosopher and author, dies.

Feb 6 1953
United States Government repeals wartime price controls.

1953
Alfred Charles Kinsey publishes his second book on human sexuality, Sexual Behavior in the Human Female.

1952

Sept 26 1952
George Santayana, pragmatist philosopher, nontheist and author, dies.

July 23 1952
"Free Officers" rebel in Egypt.

June 30 1952
Freedom Activist Network founder Richard James Birkett born in Oak Park, Illinois.

1951

1950

May 25 1950
United States, Britain and France adopt Tripartite Declaration restricting the importation of arms into the Middle East.

Apr 4 1950
Jordan annexes West Bank including East Jerusalem.

Mar 31 1950
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

1940s

1949, 1948, 1947, 1946, 1945, 1944, 1943, 1942, 1941, 1940

1949

Dec 9 1949
United Nations General Assembly adopts resolution endorsing "internationalization" of Jerusalem.

Aug 5 1949
Peter McWilliams born.

May 11 1949
Berlin Blockade ends when Soviet Union resumes allowing Autobahn, rail and barge access to West Berlin.

May 11 1949
United Nations grants Israel membership.

Jan 7 1949
First Arab-Israeli War ends.

Jan 4 1949
Roy A Childs Jr born.

1949
People's Republic of China government invades and occupies Tibet. 600 Buddhist temples are destroyed.

1948

July 26 1948
US President Harry S Truman issues two executive orders abolishing racial segregation in the US military.

July 20 1948
US institutes peace-time military conscription.

June 26 1948
Berlin Airlift begins with Operation Vittles when 32 US C-47's carry 80 tons of supplies to West Berlin.

June 24 1948
Berlin Blockade begins when Soviet Union blocks Autobahn, rail and barge access to West Berlin.

May 15 1948
First Arab-Israeli War begins.

May 14 1948
Jewish and Zionist separatists proclaim establishment of State of Israel.

Mar 28 1948
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Jan 4 1948
Burma, renamed Myanmar by its government, gains independence after 63 years of British rule.

1948
Alfred Charles Kinsey publishes his first book on human sexuality, Sexual Behavior in the Human Male.

1947

Nov 29 1947
United Nations adopts resolution endorsing partition of Palestine.

Nov 1947
Americans United for Separation of Church and State is founded.

1946

May 21 1946
Cheryl Miller born.

Apr 21 1946
John Maynard Keynes, economist and philosopher, dies.

1946
United States Government revises gold standard, under the Bretton Woods System, to 35 dollars for 1 ounce of gold.

1945

Sept 2 1945
Japan formally accepts terms of surrender. US President Harry Truman declares this day V-J Day.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_over_Japan_Day

Aug 15 1945
Victory over Japan Day, aka V-J Day, aka Victory in the Pacific Day, akaV-P Day, aka Victory Day in Rhode Island, aka Liberation Day in Korea, aka Shuusen-kinenbi in Japan, when Japan Emperor Hirohito announces Japan accepts terms of Potsdam Declaration for surrender.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_over_Japan_Day

Aug 9 1945
70,000 civilians are killed after US military drops atomic bomb on Nagasaki, Japan.

Aug 6 1945
140,000 civilians are killed after US military drops atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan.

May 8 1945
Victory in Europe Day, aka V-E Day, the day after German military surrenders. Soviet military liberates Theresienstadt death camp in Terezí, Czech Republic, ending the Holocaust. Before liberation, German military executes 15, 000 prisoners.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victory_in_Europe_Day, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theresienstadt_concentration_camp

May 7 1945
German military surrenders unconditionally to Allied military.

May 5 1945
Allied military liberates Mauthausen-Gusen death camp.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauthausen-Gusen_concentration_camp

May 2 1945
German military in Italy and Austria ceases combat.

Apr 30 1945
Adolph Hitler, founder of German Third Reich, commits suicide in Berlin, Germany.

Apr 28 1945
Benito Mussolini is executed.

Feb 4-11 1945
US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, UK Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Russia General Secretary Joseph Stalin meet at Yalta Conference aka Crimea Conference at Livadia Palace near Yalta, Crimea.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yalta_Conference, photo of Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin

Jan 27 1945
Soviet Union military liberates the Auschwitz death camps.
ushmm.org/wlc/en/index.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005131

Jan 1945
German military forces 60,000 Auschwitz prisoners to march west away from the approaching Soviet Union military. 15,000 die.
ushmm.org/wlc/en/index.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005131

1944

Aug 4 1944
German police arrest Anne Frank and 8 other people in Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Aug 1 1944
Uprising against German occupation begins in Warsaw, Poland.

July 23 1944
Soviet military liberates thousands of prisoners from Majdanek death camp near Lublin, Poland. Before liberation, German military executes 79,000 prisoners.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majdanek

1943

Nov 23 1943
David Fraser Nolan born.

May 6 1943
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, publishes The Fountainhead.

1942

Sept 2 1942
Winston Perry Bullard born in Cleveland, Ohio.

Aug 1 1942
Jerome John (Jerry) Garcia born in San Francisco, California.

March 23 1942
US Army Lt Gen JL DeWitt issues Civilian Exclusion Order imprisoning Japanese Americans from California in internment camps.
oz.net/~cyu/internment/poster.html

Jan 1942
United States Government enacts Emergency Price Control Act and imposes wartime price controls.
lclark.edu/~marty/price control.htm

1942
US Department of Agriculture produces film Hemp for Victory.

1941

June 1-2 1941
175 Jewish people die and 1000 injured during "Farhud", the "pogrom" or "violent dispossession" of Jewish residents of Baghdad, Iraq.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farhud

Apr 1941
US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt creates the Office of Price Administration and Civilian Supply by executive order.
lclark.edu/~marty/price control.htm

Jan 6 1941
US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt delivers his "Four Freedoms" speech. Quote

1941
Cannabis is removed from United State Phamacopoeia and National Formulary.

1940

Aug 21 or? 22 1940
Leon Trotsky, Trotskyist Marxist and exiled Russian dictator, dies from wounds after attack by assassin Ramón Mercader from USSR assassination organization NKVD (aka People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs) in Mexico City, Mexico.

May 14 1940
Emma Goldman, anarchist philosopher and author, dies in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and is later buried in Chicago, Illinois near Haymarket.

Mar 6 1940
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

1930s

1939, 1938, 1937, 1936, 1935, 1934, 1933, 1932, 1931, 1930

June 22 1939
Benjamin Ricketson Tucker, Editor of Liberty, anarchist, individualist, dies.

Apr 15 1939
William Orville Douglas confirmed by US Senate as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.

Nov 16 1938
Robert Nozick born.

Mar 15 1938
Nicolai Bukharin, anarcho-communist, is executed in Moscow, Russia after a guilty verdict for treason at the Trial of the Twenty One, the last and largest of Stalin's Great Purge trials, aka Moscow Trials.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trial_of_the_Twenty_One, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Purge, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow_Trials

1938
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, publishes Anthem.

Dec 1937–Jan 1938
300,000 are killed and 80,000 women are raped during Japanese Army capture of Nanking, China.

Dec 1937
United States Government enacts 1937 Marijuana Tax Stamp Act.
antiquecannabisbook.com/chap20/FedTax.jpg

July 18 1937
Hunter S Thompson born in Louisville, Kentucky.

1936
US Federal Court decides contraceptives legal for purposes other than disease prevention.

1936
Ayn Rand, self-identified "objectivist" philosopher and author, publishes We, the Living.

Sept 17 1935
Ken Kesey, aka Merry Prankster, born.

1935
China Government prohibits cannabis cultivation.

Nov 9 1934
Carl Sagan born in New York City, New York.

June 1934
Congress passes the National Firearms Act, the first prohibitive tax in the United States.

May 27 1934
Supreme Court of the United States decides National Industrial Recovery Act unconstitutional.

Dec 5 1933
Utah ratifies the 21st Amendment to the Constitution of the United States repealing 18th Amendment. Dec 5 is celebrated as Repeal Day

June 17 1933
Harry Browne born at New York City, New York.

Sept 18 1931
Michigan Government enacts prohibition of sale or giving away of unhealthful or adulterated cigarettes.
medicolegal.tripod.com/michiganlaw.htm, michiganlegislature.org/law/mileg.asp?page=getObject&objName=mcl-750-27&userid=

1931
US Department of the Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon, who also heads Mellon Bank of Pittsburgh (a bank with which DuPont does business), appoints future nephew-in-law Harry J Anslinger to head US Federal Bureau of Narcotics.

Aug 12 1930
US President Herbert Hoover appoints Harry Jacob Anslinger Commissioner of Bureau of Narcotics.

Feb 11 1930
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

1920s

1929, 1928, 1927, 1926, 1925, 1924, 1923, 1922, 1921, 1920

Jan 15 1929
Martin Luther King, Jr born.

1929
Coca-Cola becomes cocaine-free after efforts to reduce its cocaine content since 1902.

Dec 7 1928
Noam Avram Chomsky born.

June 3 1926
Irwin Allen Ginsberg born in Newark, New Jersey.

Mar 2 1926
Murray Newton Rothbard born in Bronx, New York.

1926
Alissa Rosenbaum, aka Ayn Rand, objectivist philosopher and author, immigrates to United States from Russia.

July 20 1923
Francisco "Pancho" Villa, born Doroteo Arango Arámbula, assassinated in an ambush in Chihuahua, Mexico.

May 25 1923
Karl Hess born.

Feb 17 1922
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Feb 26 1921
Carl Menger, classical liberal economist, author and father of Austrian economics, dies at Vienna, Austria.

Oct 22 1920
Timothy Leary born in Springfield, Massachusetts.

Aug 26 1920
Tennessee becomes the 36th US state needed to ratify the 19th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States guaranteeing women voting rights.

Feb 12 1920
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

Jan 16 1920
18th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States prohibiting intoxicating liquors takes effect, 1 year after ratification on Jan 16 1919.

1920
Roger Baldwin and Upton Sinclair found American Civil Liberties Union.

1910s

1919, 1918, 1917, 1916, 1915, 1914, 1913, 1912, 1911, 1910

June 28 1919
? sign Treaty of Versailles.

Apr 13 1919
Madalyn Murray O'Hair born nontheist in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Jan 16 1919
18th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States prohibiting intoxicating liquors is ratified, effective Jan 16 1920.

1919
19th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States guaranteeing voting rights for women is adopted by a joint resolution of Congress and sent to the states for ratification.

1919
Ernest Cherrington founds World League Against Alcoholism at Westerville, Ohio.

1919
Azerbaijan Republic, Belgium, British East Africa, Holland, Iceland, Luxembourg, Rhodesia and Sweden guarantee voting rights for women.

Nov 11 1918
? declare armistice ending hostilities of World War I.

1918
Austria, Canada, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Poland, Scotland and Wales guarantee voting rights for women.

Apr 6 1917
United States declares war on Germany.

1917
Arkansas, Indiana, Michigan, Nebraska, New York, North Dakota, Ohio and Rhode Island enact voting rights for women.

1917
Police arrest and jail 97 members of National Woman's Party for "obstructing traffic" after picketing the White House.

1917
United States government revives military conscription.

Apr 24 1916
Irish republicans rebel in Dublin, Ashbourne and County Meath, Ireland and declare independence in what has come to be known as the Easter Rising. After six days of fighting, British crush the uprising and execute it leaders.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Rising

Mar 29 1916
Eugene Joseph McCarthy born.

1916
Jeannette Rankin, a Republican from Montana, is the first women to be elected to US House of Representatives.

May 23 1915
Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary.

1915
Initiative to guarantee voting rights for women is defeated in the state of New York.

1915
Denmark guarantees voting rights for women.

Aug 4 1914
Great Britain declares war on Germany.

Aug 3 1914
Germany declares war on France.

Aug 1 1914
Germany declares war on Russia.

July 28 1914
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia.

1914
United States enacts Harrison Narcotic Act.

1914
Montana and Nevada guarantee voting rights for women.

Feb 4 1913
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks born in Tuskegee, Alabama.

July 31 1912
Milton R Friedman born.

June 20 1912
Voltairine de Cleyre, anarchist, feminist and women's rights activist, dies.

1912
Initiatives guaranteeing voting rights for women pass in Arizona, Kansas, and Oregon.

Jan 17 1911
George Joseph Stigler born.

Nov 7 1910
Leo Tolstoy, anarchist and author, dies in Astapovo, Russia.

June 25 1910
United States Congress passes Mann Act prohibiting transport of women across for "White slavery", prostitution, human trafficking, and other "immoral purposes".

Jan 20 1910
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

1900s

1909, 1908, 1907, 1906, 1905, 1904, 1903, 1902, 1901, 1900

June 6 1909
Isaiah Mendelevich Berlin born in Riga, Latvia.

Feb 20 1909
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) founded.

Jan 1 1909
Barry Morris Goldwater born.

Mar 8 1908
First International Women's Day is celebrated.

Feb 24 1908
Supreme Court of the United States upholds constitutionality of Oregon law limiting the number of hours women, but not men, could operate machinery. Ruling hailed by some feminists as a victory for womens rights.

Sept 22-24 1906
Atlanta Race Riot at Atlanta, Georgia
1906atlantaraceriot.org, atlanta.about.com/od/historicalsitesandpeople/a/atlraceriot2006.htm, georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-3033

Mar 17 1906
Johann Joseph Most, anarchist, dies in Cincinnati, Ohio.

Mar 13 1906
Susan Brownell Anthony, women's rights activist, dies.

1906
Finland guarantees voting rights for women.

1906
Cora Stoddard, private secretary of then temperance activist Mary H Hunt, founds
Scientific Temperance Federation at Boston, Massachusetts.
wpl.lib.oh.us/AntiSaloon/related/Scienti.html

June 21 1905
Jean Paul Sartre born.

Feb 2 1905
Alissa Rosenbaum aka Ayn Rand born in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

Dec 8 1903
Herbert Spencer, freedomist, classical liberal, libertarian, evolutionist, philosopher, agnostic, Quaker, Deist and author, dies.

Oct 26 1902
Elizabeth Cady Stanton, women's rights activist, dies.

July 28 1902
Karl Raimund Popper born.

July 25 1902
Eric Hoffer born.

Jan 31 1902
First observed Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

1902
Australia guarantees voting rights for women.

Aug 25 1900
Frederich Nietzche, philosopher and author, dies.

Jan 22 1900
Tax Freedom Day, the day each year after which Americans' earnings are their own.

1800s

1890s, 1880s, 1870s, 1860s, 1850s, 1840s, 1830s, 1820s, 1810s, 1800s

May 8 1899
Friedrich A von Hayek born in Vienna, Austria.

Feb 6 1899
Spanish-American War ends.

Oct 16 1898
William Orville Douglas born in Maine, Minnesota.

Aug 8 1898
United States Government deposes Hawaii monarchy and "annexes" Hawaii.

1897
Iowa and Tennessee enact Cigarette Control Laws, prohibiting manufacture and sale of tobacco cigarettes and cigarette paper. Indiana enacts prohibition of sales and giving away tobacco cigarettes.

Dec 18 1895
Ohio Anti-Saloon League and a similarly named organization merge to form the National Anti-Saloon League in Washington, District of Columbia.

Aug 5 1895
Friedrich Engels, philosopher and author, dies in London.

Feb 20 1895
Frederick Douglass, African black rights activist, abolitionist, author and statesman, dies at Washington, District of Columbia.

Nov 28 1894
Henry Hazlitt born.

July 26 1894
Aldous Huxley born in Godalming, Surrey, England.

June 23 1894
Alfred Charles Kinsey born in Hoboken, New Jersey.

Oct 18 1893
Lucy Stone, women's rights activist, dies.

May 24 1893
Ohio Anti-Saloon League is founded at Oberlin, Ohio and elects Rev Howard Hyde Russell superintendent.

Sept 8 1892
The Youth's Companion publishes a generic "The Pledge of Allegiance" written by socialist Francis Bellamy. The pledge is revised in 1923 and June 14 1954.

Jan 1 1892
Ellis Island Immigration Station opens to the first of 12 million immigrants to pass through during its 62 years of operation.

1890
Wyoming admitted as first US state with voting rights for women.

1890
National Woman Suffrage Association and American Woman Suffrage Association merge to form National American Woman Suffrage Association with Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan Brownell Anthony and Lucy Stone as officers.

1890
Greek government prohibits importation, cultivation and use of hashish.

Apr 20 1889
Adolph Hitler born.

Oct 9 1888
Nicolai Bukharin born in Moscow, Russia.

Nov 13 1887
150,000 to 500,000 attend funeral procession of dead anarchist Haymarket bombing defendants Albert Parsons, August Spies, Louis Lingg, George Engel and Adolph Fischer.

Nov 11 1887
Anarchist Haymarket bombing defendants Albert Parsons, August Spies, George Engel and Adolph Fischer hung. Louis Lingg commits suicide day earlier.

May 17 1887
Lysander Spooner dies.

Oct 28 1886
US President Grover Cleveland dedicates Statue of Liberty.

Aug 19 1886
Jury convicts anarchist Haymarket bombing defendants Albert Parsons, August Spies, Oscar Neebe, Louis Lingg, George Engel, Adolph Fischer, Michael Schwab and Samuel Fielden despite no evidence that any of defendants were involved. 7 defendants are sentenced to death by hanging and Neebe is sentenced to 15 years prison.

May 8 1886
John Stith Pemberton first brews the coca containing syrup that becomes Coca-Cola.

May 4 1886
During an anarchist rally held at Haymarket Square in Chicago, Illinois, an unidentified bomber explodes a bomb and kills policemen, anarchists and others.
chicagohs.org/hadc, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haymarket_affair

Nov 7 1885
Frank Hyneman Knight born.

Jan 21 1884
Roger Baldwin born in Wellesley, Massachusetts.

June 5 1883
John Maynard Keynes born.

Mar 14 1883
Karl Heinrich Marx, philosopher, economist, communist and author, dies.

Sept 29 1881
Ludwig Heinrich Edler von Mises born.

Nov 11 1880
Lucretia Coffin Mott, women rights activist and slavery abolitionist, dies.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucretia_Mott

Oct 26 1879
Leon Trotsky born in Yanovka, Russia.

Sept 14 1879
Margaret Higgins Sanger born.

Sept 20 1878
Upton Sinclair born in Baltimore, Maryland.

June 5 1878
Doroteo Arango Arámbula, aka Francisco "Pancho" Villa born in Durango, Mexico.

July 1 1876
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Bakunin, anarchist, dies in Bern, Germany.

1874
In Minor v Happersett, Supreme Court of the United States decides citizenship does not give women voting rights and women's rights are delegated to the states.

Dec 1873
Woman's Christian Temperance Union is founded at Hillsboro, Ohio.

May 8 1873
John Stuart Mill, classical liberal philosopher and author, dies.

1873
At women's rights activist Susan Brownell Anthony's trial, after police arrest her for registering and voting in 1872, the judge does not allow Anthony to testify, dismisses the jury, decides her guilty and fines her $100. Anthony refuses to pay.

May 18 1872
Bertrand Arthur William Russell born in Ravenscroft, Wales.

1872
Susan Brownell Anthony, women's rights activist, registers and votes in Rochester, New York, asserting the 14th Amendment gives her the right. Days later, police arrest Anthony.

1870
Utah Territory guarantees voting rights for women.

June 27 1869
Emma Goldman born in Kovno, Russia.

1869
Wyoming Territory guarantees voting rights for women.

1869
Elizabeth Cady Stanton, women's rights activist, founds National Woman Suffrage Association.

July 28 1868
US Secretary of State William Seward certifies ratification of 14th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States guaranteeing due process and equal protection.

May 16 1868
US Senate fails by one vote to convict President Andrew Jackson of 11 articles of impeachment.

Oct 1 1867
Karl Marx publishes Das Kapital.

Dec 5 1866
Rose Wilder Lane born in De Smet, Dakota Territory.

Nov 17 1866
Voltairine de Cleyre born.

1866
Elizabeth Cady Stanton tests women's constitutional right to hold elected office and runs for US Congress, receiving 24 of 12,000 votes.

1866
American Equal Rights Association is founded to secure rights irrespective of race, color, or gender in United States.

Dec 18 1865
US Secretary of State William Seward certifies ratification of 13th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, formally prohibiting slavery.

Oct 11 1865
200-300 blacks led by Paul Bogle rebel at Morant Bay, Jamaica aka Morant Bay Rebellion, preceding 18 killed. Jamaican Governor John Eyre sends British troops to purse rebels and capture Paul Bogle and return him for trial. 439 black men, women and children are killed, and 354 blacks including Bogle are arrested and executed.
oll.libertyfund.org/?option=com_staticxt&staticfile=full_quote.php%3Fquote=140&Itemid=275, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morant_Bay_rebellion

May 29 1865
US President Andrew Johnson grants amnesty and pardons all participants of the Civil War.

Apr 14 1865
John Wilkes Booth assassinates US President Abraham Lincoln.

Jan 19 1865
Pierre Joseph Proudhon, anarchist, dies.

Jan 4 1865
New York Stock Exchange opens at 10-12 Broad St, New York City, New York.

Dec 16 1863
George Santayana born.

July 13-17 1863
50,000 riot in New York City protesting the US Enrollment Act that allowed draftees to avoid compulsory military service by paying a $300 "commutation fee" or finding a substitute. The riot caused $1.5 million in damage (in 1863 dollars).
aka "New York Draft Riots", aka "Civil War Draft Riots"
press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/317749.html, civilwarhome.com/draftriots.htm

July 11 1863
First lottery of Conscription Law held.
press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/317749.html

Mar 3 1863
Union Conscription Act

Jan 1 1863
US President Abraham Lincoln issues final "Emancipation Proclamation".
nps.gov/ncro/anti/emancipation.html, ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=34

1863
Women's rights activists Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan Brownell Anthony found Women's Loyal National League and gather 300,000 signatures demanding US Senate abolish slavery by constitutional amendment.

Sept 22 1862
US President Abraham Lincoln issues preliminary "Emancipation Proclamation".
nps.gov/ncro/anti/emancipation.html, ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=34

May 23 1861
Virginia voters pass secession resolution by a ratio of 3 to 1.

May 6 1861
Arkansas secedes from the United States.

Jan 26 1861
Louisiana is the sixth US state to secede from the United States.

Jan 19 1861
Georgia is the fifth US state to secede from the United States.

Jan 11 1861
Alabama is the fourth US state to secede from the United States.

Jan 10 1861
Florida is the third US state to secede from the United States.

Jan 9 1861
Mississippi is the second US state to secede from the United States.

Oct 20 1859
John Dewey born.

April 16 1859
Alexis de Tocqueville, philosopher and author, dies.

Mar 6 1857
Supreme Court of the United States decides in Scott v Sanford that Dred Scott is not a United States Citizen because he is black and a slave and "had no rights which the white man was bound to respect".

June 26 1856
Max Stirner, philosopher, nontheist, existenialist, individualist, anarchist, nihilist, egoist and author, dies.

1856
British government imposes taxes on cannabis commerce in India.

June 2 1855
200 riot against statewide prohibition of sale of alcohol, called the Portland Rum Riot aka Maine Law Riot at Portland, Maine.

Apr 17 1854
Benjamin Ricketson Tucker born.

Sept 1-2 1853
Whole World's Temperance Convention, organized to enact alcohol prohibition, convenes at Metropolitan Hall, New York City, New York.

Dec 24 1850
Claude Frederic Bastiat, classical liberal economist, politican and author, dies.

Aug 2 1848
First US women's rights convention reconvenes from Senaca Falls to Unitarian Church, Rochester, New York.

July 20 1848
First US women's rights convention held in Wesleyan Chapel, Senaca Falls, New York.

Oct 15 1844
Friedrich Nietzsche born.

Feb 28 1840 (or Feb 23 1840)
Carl Menger born at Neu Sandec, Galicia, Austro-Hungary.

1840
World's Anti-Slavery Convention held in London, England. Organizers deny US women admission.

1840
First medicinal preparations of cannabis available in United States.

Mar 6 1836
Mexican Army, commanded by General Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana, recaptures the Alamo in San Antonio, Texas, ending a 13 day seige where over 1,000 Mexican soldiers and 183 Americans die.

1834
United States Government adopts gold standard of 20.67 dollars per 1 troy ounce of gold.

1834
Spanish Inquisition abolished.

Nov 14 1831
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, philosopher and author, dies in Berlin, Germany.

Aug 28 1828
Leo Tolstoy born in Yasnaya Polyana, Russia.

July 4 1826
Thomas Jefferson dies.

Feb 28 1823
Supreme Court of the United States rules in Johnson v M'Intosh, 21 US 543, that indigenous (aka Native American, American Indian) peoples' land can only be purchased by the United States Government.

Nov 28 1820
Friedrich Engels born in Barmen, Germany.

Apr 27 1820
Herbert Spencer born in Derby, England.

Feb 15 1820
Susan Brownell Anthony born in Adams, Massachusetts.

May 5 1818
Karl Heinrich Marx born in Trier, Germany.

1817>Jan 1817
An England court rejects Percy Bysshe Shelley's claim to custody of his children because he's a nontheist.

May 30 1814
Mikhail Aleksandrovich Bakunin born in Premukhino, Tvar, Russia.

Jan 10 1811
200-500 escaped ex-slaves turned military soldiers die near New Orleans, Louisiana in battle with French planters' militia and United States Army. Dead ex-slave soldiers' severed heads were displayed on poles lining the Mississippi River as a warning to slaves to not escape nor revolt.
Basis of non-fiction book American Uprising: The Untold Story of America's Largest Slave Revolt by Daniel Rasmussen.

Dec 6 1810
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla issues decree abolishing slavery in Mexico.

Sept 16 1810
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla urges people of Dolores Mexico to revolt against Spanish colonial government preceding the Battle of Guanajuato, the first armed conflict of the Mexican War of Independence. Sept 16 is celebrated as Independence Day in Mexico aka Grito de Dolores.

June 8 1809
Thomas Paine dies.

Feb 12 1809
Abraham Lincoln born in Hardin County, Kentucky.

Jan 15 1809
Pierre Joseph Proudhon born.

Jan 18 1808
Lysander Spooner born.

Oct 25 1806
Max Stirner, birth name Johann Kaspar Schmidt, born.

May 20 1806
John Stuart Mill born.

July 29 1805
Alexis de Tocqueville born in Paris, France.

Feb 12 1804
Immanuel Kant, philosopher and author, dies.

Jan 1 1804
Haitians declare independence for Haiti after 350,000 die during the Haitian Revolution that started on Aug 22 1791.

June 30 1801
Claude Frederic Bastiat born.

1700s

1790s, 1780s, 1770s, 1760s, 1750s, 1740s, 1730s, 1720s, 1710s, 1700s

Dec 14 1799
George Washington dies in Mount Vernon, Virginia.

June 6 1799
Patrick Henry dies in Red Hill Plantation, Virginia.

Nov 19 1794
Army soldiers begin returning home after rounding up suspects and witnesses of the Whiskey Rebellion. Six days later, guards march suspects and witnesses, many barefoot and lacking winter clothing, to Philadelphia to stand trial.

Oct 19 1794
US President George Washington and 12,950 Army soldiers arrive in Bedford, Pennsylvania to begin rounding up suspects of the Whiskey Rebellion.

Aug 21 1794
US Presidential Commission offers amnesty to participants of the Whiskey Rebellion.

Aug 1 1794
5,000 to 7,000 farmers and militia march on Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania near the end of the Whiskey Rebellion. Pittsburgh residents supply marchers with food and whiskey.

Jan 3 1793
Lucretia Coffin Mott born in Nantucket, Massachusetts.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucretia_Mott

Dec 15 1791
US Congress ratifies Bill Of Rights.

Aug 22 1791
Haitian Revolution begins with African slaves revolting in the northern province of Haiti. 350,000 die before Haiti's independence on Jan 1 1804.

Aug 1 1791
At the urging of Alexander Hamilton, US Congress enacts its first tax with an excise tax on whiskey, starting the Whiskey Rebellion, mostly centered in Westsylvania, a separatist stronghold nka western Pennsylvania. The tax was imposed to finance military actions against native Americans and to pay off the cost of purchasing, at full face value, script that financed the Revolutionary War, which was resented by many who sold their script at a fraction of their face value earlier.

July 17 1790
Adam Smith, classical liberal economist and author, dies.

Apr 17 1790
Benjamin Franklin dies.

July 14 1789
Rebels storm Bastille Prison in Bastille, France to start the French Revolution.

Apr 30 1789
George Washington is inaugurated the first US President.

June 21 1788
Nine US states ratify the Constitution of the United States of America.

Sept 17 1787
US Constitutional Convention delegates sign the Constitution of the United States of America at Independence Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

May 25 1787
US Constitutional Convention opens at Independence Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Jan 16 1786
Virginia General Assembly enacts Thomas Jefferson's Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom. Journal of the House of Delegates reports on Jan 19 1786 that Virginia Senate Speaker signed the inrolled bill.

Sept 3 1783
Treaty of Paris ends US Revolutionary War.

July 9 1781
US Congress certifies ratification of "Articles of Confederation".

Mar 1 1781
Maryland ratifies "Articles of Confederation".

Mar 5 1780
Pennsylvania enacts "An Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery"

1779
Thomas Jefferson authors "Draft for Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom".
infinet.com/~eplurib/jeffreli.htm

May 30 1778
Voltaire, philosopher and author, dies.

Nov 15 1777
US Congress agrees to "Articles of Confederation".

Jan 16 1777
Vermont declares independence from New York.

Aug 25 1776
David Hume dies.

July 4 1776
British American Colonies declare independence from Britain to form the United States of America with publication of "Declaration of Independence" drafted by Thomas Jefferson

June 12 1776
Virginia Convention of Delegates unanimously adopted "Virginia Declaration of Rights" drafted by George Mason IV.

May 26 1776
George Mason IV authors draft of "Virginia Declaration of Rights".

Jan 10 1776
Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense.

July 6 1775
Thomas Jefferson and John Dickinson co-author "A Declaration ... Setting Forth the Causes and Necessity of Their Taking Up Arms".

May 31 1775
Charlotte Town, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina adopts "The Charlotte Town Resolves".

Apr 19 1775
American separatists win battles against British at Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts.

Mar 23 1775
Patrick Henry publishes "Give me Liberty or Give me Death".

Aug 27 1770
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel born.

Mar 5 1770
British sentries kill four protestors at Boston Customs House, Boston, Massachusetts. The incident came to be known as the Boston Massacre.

July 3 1754
George Washington surrenders Fort Necessity to French troops at Uniontown, Pennsylvania to start the British-French American War aka French and Indian War.

Apr 13 1743
Thomas Jefferson born.

Jan 29 1737
Thomas Paine born.

1737
"Disposition of the North Carolina Biennal Act"
odur.let.rug.nl/~usa/D/1726-1750/northcarolina/ba_rep.htm

Oct 18 1736
"Governor Gabriel Johnston's Request to Repeal the North Carolina Biennal Act"

May 29 1736
Patrick Henry born in Hanover County, Virginia.

June 1734
African slave revolt ends on Saint John, Virgin Islands with establishment of first independent black government in the Americas.

Nov 23 1733
Akan and Aminas African slaves revolt in Denmark controlled Saint John, Virgin Islands.

Feb 22 1732
George Washington born in Westmoreland County, Virginia.

Apr 22 1724
Immanuel Kant born.

Apr 26 1711
David Hume born.

Jan 17 1706
Benjamin Franklin born.

Oct 28 1704
John Locke dies.

1600s

1690s, 1680s, 1670s, 1660s, 1650s, 1640s, 1630s, 1620s, 1610s, 1600s

Apr 4 1687
England's King James issues Declaration of Indulgence.

1649
Maryland Toleration Act

Dec 1641
Massachusetts Body of Liberties adopted.

1633
Galileo Galilei found guilty by Catholic Inquisition's Pope Urban VIII of heresy after publishing Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief Systems of the World - Ptolemaic and Copernican. Galileo is sentenced to indefinite imprisonment in the form of house arrest and surveillance by Inquisition officers.

Aug 29 1632
John Locke born.

Feb 1632
Galileo Galilei publishes Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief Systems of the World - Ptolemaic and Copernican. Catholic Inquisition bans its sale.

1629
Charter Of Massachusetts Bay

June 7 1628
England King Charles I approves and assents "Petition of Right".
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petition_of_Right

May 27 1628
England House of Commons and House of Lords approve "Petition of Right".
constitution.org/eng/petright.htm, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petition_of_Right, amended statutelaw.gov.uk/content.aspx?activeTextDocId=1518333

July 24-Aug 3 1621
"An Ordinance and Constitution of the Treasurer, Council, and Company in England, for a Council of State and General Assembly"
avalon.law.yale.edu/17th_century/va04.asp

1619
Jamestown Virginia colony enacts compulsory cannabis hemp cultivation law.

Feb 24 1616
Catholic Inquisition's Sacred Congregation of the Index and Cardinal Robert Bellarmine condemn theories of Nicolaus Copernicus, including his theory that Earth is not the center of the Universe.

Nov 1612
Mayflower Compact

Mar 12 1612
Third Virginia Charter

May 23 1609
Second Virginia Charter

1606
Instructions for the Virginia Colony

1500s

1543
First Protestants burned at stake in Spain by Spanish Inquisition.

1537
African slaves revolt in Mexico.

1535
English King Henry VIII takes control of English Catholic Church to form Anglican Church after being excommunicated.

1531
Catholic Inquisition in Portugal.

1530
Revolt in Mexico.

Fall 1526
African slaves revolt at San Miguel de Gualdape, Georgia.

1522
Revolt in Puerto Rico.

1519
African slaves revolt on Hispañola Island.

1517
Reformation begins with Martin Luther's theses critical of Roman Catholic church in Wittenberg, Germany.

1501
First African slaves imported to Spanish Santa Domingo.

1400s

1499
Inquisition forces conversion of Moors to Christian religion.

1492
Christopher Columbus first European to discover Caribbean islands.

1492
Tourquemada, Grand Inquisitor, forces Christian conversion or expulsion of Jews in Spain.

1478
Ferdinand and Isabella establish Spanish Inquisition.

1453
Hundred Years' War ends between English and French for control of France.

1408
Convocation, held at Oxford by Archbishop Arundel, decrees no one shall translate any text of holy Scripture into English, or read any English translation. Violators face torturous executions.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyclif's_Bible

1300s

1347-1351
25 million people die from Black Death in Europe.

1337
Hundred Years' War begins between English and French for control of France.

1200s

1200s?
Massacre at Jerusalem.

1291
Crusades ends. Mamelukes conquer Acre.

1270
Eighth Crusade

1248
Seventh Crusade

1231
Inquisition begins when Pope Gregory IX selects Dominicans to combat heresy.

1228
Sixth Crusade

1217
Fifth Crusade

June 19 1215
England Barons force King John I to agree to "Magna Carta" at Runnymede, England.
constitution.org/eng/magnacar.htm, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Carta, infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0831146.html

1212
Children's Crusade, only one of 30,000 French children and 200 of 20,000 German children survive to return home.

1200-1204
Fourth Crusade, French knights loot Greek Christian Constantinople.

1100s

1189
Third Crusade, third Christian European military campaign to gain control of Holy Land fails.

1187
Muslim Saladin recaptures Jerusalem.

1144-1147
Second Crusade, second Christian European military campaign to gain control of Holy Land fails.

1000s

1099
Christian European Crusaders capture Jerusalem.

1096
First Crusade, first Christian European military campaign to gain control of Holy Land.

1095
Pope Urban II calls for holy war to gain control of Jerusalem.

1066
William of Normandy invades England, defeats last Saxon king, Harold II, at Battle of Hastings, crowned William I of England aka William the Conqueror.

1043
Lady Godiva rides nude throught the streets of Coventry, England protesting taxes, including a tax on horses, imposed by her husband, Earl of Mercia. samsloan.com/godiva.htm

Before 1000

826
Arabs conquer Crete, Sicily and Sardinia.

637
Arabs conquer Jerusalem.

313
Edict of Milan legalizes Christian religion.

105
Ts-ai Lun invents paper made from old hemp rags, old hemp fishing nets, hemp waste and tree bark in China.

70
Romans destroy Jerusalem. Jews revolt against Romans.

~30
Jesus the Christ of Nazareth crucified.

71 BC
Spartacus crucified near end of Third Servile War slave rebellion aka Gladiator War and The War of Spartacus.

2737 BC
Earliest recorded use of cannabis medicine in Chinese Emperor Shen Nung's pharmacopeoeia.

4500 BC
Earliest recorded use of cannabis hemp. Chinese use hemp for rope and fish nets.

Freedom Chronology Research

Anarchist Encyclopedia
Erowid
Freedom Party International
Library of Congress
Ludwig von Mises Institute
United States National Archives and Records Administration
Wylie, William D, Jr