Freedom Activist Network's Guide To
United States Case Law
US CASE LAW
US Constitutional Case Law ·
US Case Law Research ·
US State Case Law ·
US Traffic Case Law
OTHER CASE LAW RELATED
Constitution of the United States ·
Constitutional Freedom Activist Network ·
Justice Activist Network ·
Supreme Court of the United States ·
US Statuatory Law
United States Constitutional Case Law
(partial list of topics)
Congressional Qualifications
partial list of cases
also see Article 1, Section 2,
Article 1, Section 5
- Powell v McCormack
-
395 US 486; 89 S Ct 1944; 23 L Ed 2d 491 (1969)
(Exclusion of duly elected Representatives only for failure to meet Constitutional qualifications)
State Prescription of Elections
partial list of cases
also see Article 1, Section 4,
1st Amendment's Assembly
- (none listed yet)
Congressional Regulation of State Elections
partial list of cases
also see Article 1, Section 4
- (none listed yet)
Federal Bill of Attainder
partial list of cases
also see Article 1, Section 9,
Article 1, Section 10's State Bill of
Attainder
- (none listed yet)
Federal Ex Post Facto Law
partial list of cases
also see Article 1, Section 9,
Article 1, Section 10's State Ex Post Facto
Law
- Calder v Bull
-
3 Dallas 386; 1 L. Ed. 648 (1798)
(Retroactive Changes to Rules regarding the Admissibility of Evidence and the Competency of Witnesses to Testify is Unconstitutional)
Direct Taxes
partial list of cases
also see Article 1 Section 2,
Article 1, Section 9,
Income Taxes
- (none listed yet)
Lay and Collect Taxes ... To Pay The Debts
partial list of cases
also see Article 1 Section 8
- (none listed yet)
Lay and Collect Taxes ... To ... Provide For The ... General Welfare of the United States
partial list of cases
also see Article 1 Section 8
- United States v Butler
-
297 US 1 (1936)
(Agricultural Tax and Subsidy Regulation Not General Welfare and Reserved To States)
Findlaw
Regulate Interstate Commerce
partial list of cases
also see Article 1 Section 8,
5th Amendment's Double Jeopardy, 9th Amendment's
Undelegated Powers
- Gonzales v Raich
-
03-1454 (2005)
(Commerce Clause Authorizes Congress to Regulate Noncommercial Intrastate Activity)
FindLaw
- Jones v United States
-
178 F 3d 479 (2000)
(Residential Dwelling Not Used in Commerce not Subject of Federal Law Authorized by Commerce Clause)
- United States v Morrison
-
169 F 3d 820 (2000)
(Federal Civil Remedy of Gender Based Violence Not Authorized by Commerce Clause)
- Reno v Condon
-
98-1464 (2000)
(Federal Regulation of Intrastate Sales of Information Authorized by Commerce Clause)
- United States v Pierson
- 139 F 3d 501 (5th Cir 1998)
- United States v Rands
- 389 US 121 (1967)
- Caminetti v United States
-
242 US 470 (1917)
(Mann Act prohibiting transport of women across state lines for "immoral purposes" includes non-commercial purposes)
Wikipedia
- Gibbons v Ogden
-
22 US 1 (1824)
(State Law Regulating Interstate Commerce Unconstitutional)
Findlaw, Wikipedia
Exclusive Right of Authors & Inventors for Limited Times
partial list of cases
also see Article 1, Section 8
- Metro-Goldwin-Mayer Studios Inc et al v Grokster Ltd et al
-
04-480 (2005)
(Parties that Affirmatively Induce Third Party Copyright Infringement Liable)
NetCoalition
- Eldred v Ashcroft
-
537 US 186 (2003)
(Congress Extending Copyright Duration 20 Years is Limited Time and Constitutional)
Cornell, FindLaw, Wikipedia
- Sony Corporation of America v Universal City Studios, Inc
-
464 US 417 (1984)
(Manufacturers of Copying Devices Not Liable for Copyright Infringement)
Cornell, Findlaw, Wikipedia
- Gershwin Publishing Corp v Columbia Artists Management, Inc
-
443 F 2nd 1159, 1162 (1971)
(Parties that Profit from Third Party Copyright Infringement Liable)
Define and Punish Piracies and Felonies on High Seas
partial list of cases
also see Article 1, Section 8
- United States v Palmer
- 16 US 610 (1818)
- United States v Smith
- 18 US 153 (1820)
- United States v Ali Said
- No 2:10-cr-57 (ED Va, 2010)
Habeas Corpus
partial list of cases
also see Article 1, Section 9
- Hamden v Rumsfeld
-
05-184 (2006)
(Detainee Treatment Act of 2005 Does Not Repeal Habeas Corpus Jurisdiction)
- Hamdi v Rumsfeld
-
03-6696
(Guantanamo Detainees Retain Habeas Corpus Rights)
- Rasul v Rumsfeld
-
03-334 (2003)
(Guantanamo Detainees Retain Habeas Corpus Rights)
- Immigration and Naturalization Service v Saint Cyr
- (Legal Immigrants in Deportation Proceedings Retain Habeas Corpus Rights)
- Ex Parte Endo
- (1944)
- Abelman v Booth
-
21 Howard 506; 16 L Ed 169 (1859)
(State Habeas Corpus of Prisoner in Federal Custody)
State Bill of Attainder
partial list of cases
also see Article 1, Section 10,
Article 1, Section 9's Federal Bill of Attainder
- (none listed yet)
State Ex Post Facto Law
partial list of cases
also see Article 1, Section 10,
Article 1, Section 9's Federal Ex Post Facto
Law
- Carmell v Texas
-
98-7540 (1999)
(Retroactive Changes to Rules regarding the Admissibility of Evidence and the Competency of Witnesses to Testify is Unconstitutional)
State Impairment of Contracts
partial list of cases
also see Article 1, Section 10
- City of Cleveland v Cleveland City Railway Comapany
- 194 US 517 (1904)
Interstate Agreements & Compacts
partial list of cases
also see Article 1, Section
10
- New Hampshire v Maine
-
426 US 363 (1976)
(No Congressional consent required for States compacts regarding States boundaries)
- Virginia v Tennessee
-
148 US 503; 13 S Ct 728; 37 L Ed 537 (1893)
(No Congressional consent required for States compacts regarding States boundaries)
Citizenship
partial list of cases
also see 14th Amendment
- Flores-Villar v United States
-
(yet to be decided)
(Gender Discrimination in Determination of Citizenship Eligibility)
9th Circuit Court of Appeals Decision
- Jones v Temmer
-
829 F. Supp. 1226 (1993)
(Privileges and Immunities Clause of Fourteenth Amendment does not protect Rights which relate to State Citizenship)
- United States v Schwimmer
-
279 US 644 (1929)
(Naturalization statutes properly deny pacifist applicant who declines oath of allegiance)
FindLaw
- United States v Wong Kim Ark
-
169 US 649 (1898)
(Children Born in United States to Non-Citizen Parents are United States Citizens)
Wikipedia
- Elk v Wilkins
-
112 US 94 (1884)
("Indian" Children Born in United States and Not Subject to US Jurisdiction are Not United States Citizens)
Wikipedia
- Butchers' Benevolent Association of New Orleans v Crescent City Live-Stock Landing and Slaughter-House Company
-
83 US 36, 38 (1873)
(Privileges and Immunities Clause does not protect Rights which relate to State Citizenship)
Findlaw, Justia, Wikipedia
Cases preceeding 14th Amendment:
- Dred Scott v John F A Sanford
-
(1857)
(Black Slaves not Citizens nor Standing to Sue in Federal Court)
Touro
- Inglis v Trustees of Sailor's Snug Harbor
-
28 US 99 (1830)
(Children Born in United States Territory Occupied by a Foreign Power Not Citizens)
Findlaw, Justia, Wikipedia
Supreme Court Jurisdction
partial list of cases
also see Article 3, 11th Amendment's
Jurisdiction in Suits Against States
- Stump v Sparkman
-
435 US 349; 55 L Ed 2d 331; 98 S Ct 1099 (1978)
(State and federal judges immune from liability for judicial acts except in "clear absence of all jurisdiction")
- Roe v Wade
-
410 US 113 (1973)
(Exigency of pregnancy waives controversy requirement)
Wikipedia
- Powell v McCormack
-
395 US 486; 89 S Ct 1944; 23 L Ed 2d 491 (1969)
(Court jurisdiction in qualifications and exclusion of duly elected Representatives)
- Baker v Carr
-
369 US 186; 82 S Ct 691, 7 L Ed 2d 663 (1962)
(Court jurisdiction in state legislative reapportionment)
- Screws v United States
-
325 US 91 (1945)
(Officials liable for actions "under color of law" except judges)
- Erie Railroad Co v Tompkins
-
304 US 64; 58 S Ct 817; 82 L Ed 1188 (1938)
(Federal court bound by declaration of highest state court on state law)
- Ex parte Albert Levitt
-
302 US 633; 58 S Ct 1; 82 L Ed 493 (1937)
(Insufficient interest of private citizen for action from Court)
- Aetna Life Insurance Co of Hartford v Haworth
-
US 227; 57 S Ct 461; 81 L Ed 617 (1937)
(Jurisdiction in civil suits for declaratory judgements)
- Massachusetts v Mellon
-
262 US 447 (1923)
Findlaw
- Muskrat v United States
-
219 US 346; 31 S Ct 250; 55 L Ed 246 (1911)
(No Court jurisdiction to determine validity of laws without a "case" or "controversy")
- South Dakota v North Carolina
-
192 US 286; 24 S Ct 269; 48 L Ed 448 (1904)
(Jurisdiction in "controversies between two or more States")
- Ex parte McCardle
-
7 Wallace 506; 19 L Ed 264 (1869)
(No court jurisdiction after repeal of congressional act authorizing jurisdiction)
- Kentucky v Dennison
-
24 Howard 66; 16 L Ed 717 (1861)
(No court jurisdiction for state officers' failure to extradite)
- Dred Scott v Sanford
-
60 US 393 (1857)
(Black slaves do not have standing to sue in federal court)
Touro, Wikipedia
- Luther v Borden
-
7 Howard 1; 12 L Ed 581 (1849)
(No court jurisdiction to guaranty republican form of state government)
- Cherokee Nation v Georgia
-
30 US 1 (1831)
(Court has no original jurisdiction, declared Cherokee Nation was a "dependent nation")
- Osborn v Bank of the United States
-
9 Wheaton 738; 6 L Ed 204 (1824)
(Federal agency suit of state officials)
- Johnson v M'Intosh
-
21 US 543 (1823)
(No actual controversy where land claims do not overlap)
Wikipedia
- Cohens v Virginia
-
6 Wheaton 264; 5 L Ed 257 (1821)
(State and citizen of same state; US constitutional defense)
- Martin v Hunter's Lessee
- 1 Wheaton 304; 4 L Ed 97 (1816)
- Marbury v Madison
-
1 Cranch 137; 2 L Ed 60 (1803)
(Executive branch appointments)
Criminal Jury Trial
partial list of cases
also see Article 3, Sec 2,
6th Amendment
- Lewis v United States
-
(1996)
(Defendants Prosecuted in Single Proceeding for Multiple Petty Offenses with Potential Sentence Exceeding Six Months has No Right to Jury Trial)
- Duncan v Louisiana
- 391 US 145; 20 L Ed 491; 88 S Ct 1444 (1968)
Treason
partial list of cases
also see Article 3, Sec 3
- United States v Stephen Jin-Woo Kim
-
10-225 (DC District, 2011)
Memorandum Opinion and Order
- United States v Rahman
- 189 F 3d 88, 111-14 (2d Cir 1999)
- United States v Drummond
- 354 F 2d 132, 152 (2d Cir 1965)
- Cramer v United States
-
325 US 1 (1945)
(Treason clause does not limit Congressional authority to prohibit acts detrimental to wartime safety)
Findlaw
- Frohwerk v United States
-
249 US 204 (1919)
Findlaw
Full Faith and Credit
partial list of cases
also see Article 4
Privileges and Immunities
partial list of cases
also see Article 4, Sec 2,
14th Amendment's Privileges and Immunities
- Slaugher House Cases
-
16 Wallace 36; 21 L Ed 394 (1873)
(Rights Derived from State Citizenship not Protected by 14th Amendment)
- Cohens v Virginia
- 6 Wheaton 264; 5 L Ed 257 (1821)
Interstate Extradition
partial list of cases
also see Article 4
- Kentucky v Dennison
-
24 Howard 66; 16 L Ed 717 (1861)
(Federal Government cannot Compel State Officers to Extradite)
Consent for New States
partial list of cases
also see Article 4, Section 3
- New Hampshire v Maine
-
426 US 363 (1976)
(No Congressional Consent Required for States Compacts regarding States Boundaries)
- Virginia v Tennessee
-
148 US 503; 13 S Ct 728; 37 L Ed 537 (1893)
(No Congressional Consent Required for States Compacts regarding States Boundaries)
Guaranty of Republican Form of State Government
partial list of cases
also see Article 4, Section 4
- Luther v Borden
-
7 Howard 1; 12 L Ed 581 (1849)
(No Court Jurisdiction to Guaranty Republican Form of State Government)
Supremacy Clause
partial list of cases
also see Article 6, 10th Amendment's
Undelegated Powers
- ?
-
(Mar 6 2000)
(States cannot Enact Laws that Conflict with or Supplement Federal Law)
- Crosby v National Foreign Trade Council
-
99-474 (2000)
Findlaw
State Judges Bound to US Constitution
partial list of cases
also see Article 6
- Testa v Katt
-
330 US 386; 67 S Ct 810, 91 L Ed 967 (1947)
(States must enforce Federal laws)
- Mondou v New York, NH & H RR Co
-
223 US 1 (1912)
(States must enforce Federal laws)
- Claflin v Houseman
-
93 US 130 (1876)
(States must enforce Federal laws)
- Abelman v Booth
-
21 Howard 506; 16 L Ed 169 (1859)
(State Habeas Corpus of Prisoner in Federal Custody)
- Martin v Hunter's Lessee
- 1 Wheaton 304; 4 L Ed 97 (1816)
Establishment of Religion
partial list of cases
also see 1st Amendment
- Elk Grove Unified School District v Newdow
-
02-1624 (2004)
(Non-Custodial Parent Lacks Standing on Behalf of Child in "under god" in Pledge of Allegiance Suit)
- Santa Fe Independent School District v Doe
-
99-62 (2000)
(Student led Prayer Organized by Public School Unconstitutional Establishment of Religion)
Cornell
- Lee v Weisman
-
505 US 577 (1992)
(Inviting clergy to offer prayers at public school graduation ceremony unconstitutional establishment of religion)
Findlaw
- Abington School District v Schempp
-
374 US 203 (1963)
Findlaw
- Engel v Vitale
-
370 US 421 (1962)
Findlaw
Free Exercise of Religion
partial list of cases
also see 1st Amendment
- ?
-
(June 11 2001)
(Government Run Public Schools cannot Discriminate Against After-Hours Religious Programs)
- Harris v McRae
- 448 US 297; 65 L Ed 2d 784; 100 S Ct 2671 (1980)
- Burstyn v Wilson
- 343 US 495; 72 S Ct 777; 96 L Ed 1098 (1952)
- Prince v Massachusetts
-
321 US 158 (1944)
(State laws prohibiting child labor when children sell religious literature constitutional)
FindLaw, Wikipedia, overturns Minersville School District v. Gobitis, 310 US 586 (1940)
- Martin v City of Struthers, Ohio
- 319 US 141; 63 S Ct 862; 87 L Ed 1313 (1943)
-
Jones v City of Opelika II
Murdock v Commonwealth of Pennsylvania -
319 US 105; 63 S Ct 870; 87 L Ed 1292 (1943)
(License fee requirement for distribution of religious literature in exchange for a donation unconstitutional tax on religious exercise)
FindLaw
- Jones v City of Opelika I
-
316 US 584 (1942)
(License requirement for sale of religious literature constitutional)
FindLaw
- Minersville School District v Gobitis
-
310 US 586 (1940)
(Compulsory Pledge of Allegiance in Public Schools does not violate Jehovah's Witnesses' Free Exercise of Religion)
FindLaw, Wikipedia, overturned by West Virginia State Board of Education v Barnette, 319 US 624 (1943)
- Cantwell v Connecticut
-
310 US 296 (1940)
(Licenses for Solicitation and Donations for Religious, Charitable or Philanthropic Causes)
FindLaw
Speech
partial list of cases
also see 1st Amendment
- Snyder v Phelps et al
-
09-751 (Mar 2 2011)
(Funeral Protests on Public Land Protected Speech)
SCOTUS
- Davis v Federal Election Commission
-
554 US 724 (2008)
(Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act unconstitutionally infringes on a candidates 1st Amendment rights)
SCOTUS, Wikipedia
- ?
-
(Apr 7 2003)
(States may Prohibit Actions Intended to Intimidate or Threaten)
- ?
-
(Jan 15 2002)
(City Ordinance Requiring Permit for Large Events does not Violate United States Constitution)
- ?
-
(May 22 2000)
(Regulation Limiting Sexually Explicit Cable Programming to Late Night Hours Violates US Constitution)
- National Movement v University of Mississippi
-
(5th Circuit) (2000)
(Confederate Flag Prohibition does not Violate US Constitution)
- Warren v County of Fairfax
-
98-1059 (4th Circuit 1999)
(Large, Grassy Mall Adjacent to County Government Center a Traditional Public Forum)
FindLaw
- Arkansas Educational Television Commission v Forbes
-
523 US 666, 677 (1998)
FindLaw
- ISKCON v Lee
-
505 US 672 (1992)
FindLaw
- Forsyth County v Nationalist Movement
-
505 US 123 (1992)
(Fee for Police Unconstitutionally Content Based)
FindLaw
- United States v Kokinda
-
497 US 720 (1990)
(United States Post Office Sidewalk not a Traditional Public Forum)
- Texas v Johnson
-
(1989)
(Flag Desecretion)
- City of Lakewood v Plain Dealer Publishing Co
- 486 US 750 (1988)
- Cornelius v NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund
- 473 US 788, 800 (1985)
- Perry Education Association v Perry Local Educators' Association
- 460 US 37, 44 (1983)
- Widmar v Vincent
-
454 US 263 (1981)
(University Policy of Open Meeting Facilities for Student Groups Creates Public Forum)
- Heffron v International Society for Krishna Consciousness Inc
-
452 US 640; 69 L Ed 2d 298 (1981)
(Regulation Requiring Fixed Location Permissable Place and Manner Restriction, Solicitation impedes Traffic Flow)
Findlaw
- Chandler and Granger v Florida
-
449 US 560; 101 S Ct 802; 66 L Ed 2d 740 (1981)
(Broadcasts of Criminal Trials)
FindLaw
- Metromedia Inc v San Diego
- 69 L Ed 2d 800 (1981)
- Richmond Newspapers Inc v Virginia
-
448 US 555; 65 L Ed 2d 973 (1980)
FindLaw
- Pruneyard Shopping Center v Robins et al
-
447 US 74 (1980)
FindLaw
(California Statute Granting Speech and Petition Rights at Private Shopping Centers is not a Taking of Property)
- Village of Schaumburg v Citizens for a Better Environment et al
-
444 US 620 (1980)
FindLaw
- Federal Communications Commission v Pacifica Foundation
-
438 US 726; 57 L Ed 2d 1073 (1978)
FindLaw
- Beth Israel Hospital v National Labor Relations Board
-
437 US 483 (1978)
FindLaw
- McDaniel v Patty
- 55 L Ed 2d 593 (1978)
- Madison Joint School District v Wisconsin Employment Relations Commission
-
429 US 167 (1976)
(Statute Providing Open School Board Meetings Creates Public Forum)
- Virginia State Board of Pharmacy v Virginia Citizens Consumer Council Inc
-
425 US 748; 96 S Ct 1817; 48 L Ed 2d 346 (1976)
(Commercial Speech; Speech Recipients)
FindLaw
- Southeastern Promotions Ltd v Conrad
-
420 US 546 (1975)
(City-Leased Theater Dedicated to Speech Activity Creates Public Forum)
- Lloyd Corporation Ltd v Tanner
-
407 US 551 (1972)
FindLaw
- Amalgamated Food Employees Union Local 59 v Logan Valley Plaza Inc
-
391 US 308 (1968)
FindLaw
- Cox v Louisiana
-
379 US 536 (1964)
FindLaw
- Garrison v Louisiana
-
379 US 64 (1964)
FindLaw
- Rideau v Louisiana
-
373 US 723 (1963)
FindLaw
- Wood v Georgia
-
370 US 375 (1962)
FindLaw
- Beck v Washington
-
369 US 541 (1962)
FindLaw
- Irvin v Dowd
-
366 US 717 (1961)
FindLaw
- Burstyn v Wilson
-
343 US 495; 72 S Ct 777; 96 L Ed 1098 (1952)
FindLaw
- Stroble v California
-
343 US 181 (1951)
FindLaw
- Breard v Alexandria
-
341 US 622 (1951)
FindLaw
- Dennis v United States
-
341 US 494 (1951)
("Clear and Probable Danger" Test for Speech)
FindLaw
- Niemotko v Maryland
-
340 US 268 (1951)
FindLaw
- Kovacs v Cooper
-
336 US 77; 69 S Ct 448; 93 L Ed 513 (1949)
("Preferred Freedoms"; Prohibition of Sound Trucks and Sound Amplifiers on Public Streets)
FindLaw
- Saia v People of State of New York
-
334 US 558 (1948)
FindLaw
- Craig v Harney
-
331 US 367 (1947)
FindLaw
- Pennekamp v Florida
-
328 US 331; 66 S Ct 1029; 90 L Ed 1295 (1946)
(Contempt of Court for Criticism of Court)
FindLaw
- Tucker v Texas
-
326 US 517 (1946)
FindLaw
- Marsh v State of Alabama
-
326 US 501; 66 S Ct 276; 90 L Ed 265 (1946)
(Licenses for Distribution of Literature Where Private Propertyowner Performs Governmental Public Function)
FindLaw
- Thomas v Collins
-
323 US 516; 65 S Ct 315; 89 L Ed 430 (1945)
(Prior Restraint of Speech; "Clear and Present Danger" Test for Speech; Right to Assemble)
FindLaw
- Prince v Massachusetts
-
321 US 158 (1944)
FindLaw
- Follett v Town of McCormick
-
321 US 573 (1943)
FindLaw
- West Virginia State Board of Education v Barnette
-
319 US 624 (1943)
(Compulsory Pledge of Allegiance in Public Schools Violates Free Speech)
FindLaw, Wikipedia, overturns Minersville School District v. Gobitis, 310 US 586 (1940)
- Douglas v City of Jeannette
-
319 US 157 (1942)
FindLaw
- Martin v City of Struthers, Ohio
-
319 US 141; 63 S Ct 862; 87 L Ed 1313 (1943)
FindLaw
- Largent v Texas
-
318 US 418 (1943)
FindLaw
- Jamison v Texas
-
318 US 413 (1943)
FindLaw
- Valentine v Chrestensen
-
316 US 52 (1942)
(Prohibition of Distribution of Literature)
FindLaw
- Chaplinsky v New Hampshire
-
315 US 568 (1942)
FindLaw
-
Bridges v California
Times-Mirror Co v Superior Court of California -
314 US 252; 62 S Ct 190; 86 L Ed 892 (1941)
(Contempt of Court for Criticism of Court)
FindLaw
- Cox v New Hampshire
-
312 US 569; 61 S Ct 762; 85 L Ed 1049 (1941)
(Licenses for Parades and Processions)
FindLaw
- Minersville School District v Gobitis [sic]
-
310 US 586 (1940)
(Compulsory Pledge of Allegiance in Public Schools Does Not Violate Free Speech. Reversed with West Virginia State Board of Education v Barnette. Defendant's correct name was Globitas)
FindLaw
- Cantwell v Connecticut
-
310 US 296 (1940)
(Licenses for Solicitation and Donations for Religious, Charitable or Philanthropic Causes)
FindLaw
- Thornhill v Alabama
-
310 US 88 (1940)
FindLaw
-
Schneider v State of New Jersey
Young v People of State of California
Snyder v City of Milwaukee
Nichols et al v Commonwealth of Massachusetts -
308 US 147 (1939)
(Prohibition of Distribution of Literature)
FindLaw
- Hague v Committee for Industrial Organization
-
307 US 496; 59 S Ct 954; 83 L Ed 1423 (1939)
FindLaw
- Lovell v City of Griffin, Georgia
-
303 US 444, 58 S Ct 666 (1938)
(Licenses for Distribution and Sale of Literature)
FindLaw
- Gitlow v State of New York
-
268 US 652; 45 S Ct 625; 69 L Ed 1138 (1925)
FindLaw
- Meyer v Nebraska
-
262 US 390; 43 S Ct 625; 67 L Ed 1042 (1923)
FindLaw
- Schaefer v United States
-
251 US 466 (1920)
("Bad Tendency" Test for Speech)
FindLaw
- Abrahams v United States
-
250 US 616 (1919)
FindLaw
- Schenck v United States
-
249 US 47; 39 S Ct 247; 63 L Ed 470 (1919)
("Clear and Present Danger" Test for Speech)
FindLaw
- Toledo Newspaper Co v United States
-
247 US 402 (1918)
FindLaw
Press
partial list of cases
also see 1st Amendment
- Ashcroft v Free Speech Coalition
-
535 US 234 (2002)
(Simulated Child Pornography Prohibition Unconstitutional)
Cornell, FindLaw, Justia, Wikipedia
- Sony Corporation of America v Universal City Studios, Inc
-
464 US 417 (1984)
(Manufacturers of Copying Devices Not Liable for Copyright Infringement)
Cornell, Findlaw, Wikipedia
- Zurcher v Stanford Daily
-
436 US 547; 56 L Ed 2d 525; 98 S Ct 1920 (1978)
(Search Warrant for Evidence in Newspaper Office)
FindLaw
- Nebraska Press Association v Stuart
-
427 US 539; 49 L Ed 2d 683; S Ct 2791 (1976)
(Prior Restraint of Publication of Criminal Trial Reporting by State Court Injunction)
FindLaw
- Miller v California
-
413 US 15; 93 S Ct 2607; 37 L Ed 2d 419 (1973)
FindLaw
- New York Times Company v United States
-
403 US 713; 91 S Ct 2140; 29 L Ed 2d 820 (1971)
(Prior Restraint of Publication of Pentagon Papers by President & Federal Court Injunction)
FindLaw
- Ginzburg v United States
-
383 US 463; 86 S Ct 942; 16 L Ed 2d 31 (1966)
FindLaw
- New York Times v Sullivan
-
(1964)
(First Amendment protects journalists, reporting on public officials, from libel suits)
-
Roth v United States
Alberts v California -
354 US 476; 77 S Ct 1304; 1 L Ed 2d 1498 (1957)
(Mailing Obscene Materials)
FindLaw
- Burstyn v Wilson
-
343 US 495; 72 S Ct 777; 96 L Ed 1098 (1952)
FindLaw
- Pennekamp v Florida
-
328 US 331; 66 S Ct 1029; 90 L Ed 1295 (1946)
(Contempt of Court for Criticism of Court)
FindLaw
- Martin v City of Struthers, Ohio
-
319 US 141; 63 S Ct 862; 87 L Ed 1313 (1943)
FindLaw
-
Jones v City of Opelika II
Murdock v Commonwealth of Pennsylvania -
319 US 105; 63 S Ct 870; 87 L Ed 1292 (1943)
(License fee requirement for distribution of religious literature in exchange for a donation unconstitutional tax on religious exercise)
FindLaw
- Jones v City of Opelika I
-
316 US 584 (1942)
(License requirement for sale of religious literature constitutional)
FindLaw
- Hague v Committee for Industrial Organization
-
307 US 496; 59 S Ct 954; 83 L Ed 1423 (1939)
FindLaw
- Grosjean v American Press Co
-
297 US 233; 56 S Ct 444; 80 L Ed 660 (1936)
FindLaw
- Near v State of Minnesota ex rel Olson
-
283 US 697; 51 S Ct 625; 75 L Ed 1357 (1931)
FindLaw
- Gitlow v State of New York
-
268 US 652; 45 S Ct 625; 69 L Ed 1138 (1925)
FindLaw
- Abrams v United States
-
250 US 616; 40 S Ct 17; 63 L Ed 1173 (1919)
FindLaw
Assembly
partial list of cases
also see 1st Amendment
- Clingman, Oklahoma State Election Board v Beaver
-
04-37 (2005)
(Limits Upon Voters Registered with Another Party whom are Invited to Vote in a Party's Primary Election does not violate Freedom of Association)
Findlaw
- California Democratic Party v Jones
-
99-401 (2000)
(Partisan Associations may limit Voters of Candidate Selection despite State's Open Primary Law)
Findlaw
- Tashjian v Republican Party of Connecticut
-
479 U.S. 208 (1986)
(Limits Upon Voters Not Regisitered with Another Party whom are Invited to Vote in a Party's Primary Election violate Freedom of Association)
FindLaw
- Thomas v Collins
-
323 US 516; 65 S Ct 315; 89 L Ed 430 (1945)
FindLaw
- Hague v Committee for Industrial Organization
-
307 US 496; 59 S Ct 954; 83 L Ed 1423 (1939)
FindLaw
- De Jonge v Oregon
-
299 US 353; 57 S Ct 255; 81 L Ed 278 (1937)
FindLaw
- Gitlow v State of New York
-
268 US 652; 45 S Ct 625; 69 L Ed 1138 (1925)
FindLaw
Militias
partial list of cases
also see 2nd Amendment
- United States v Miller
-
307 US 174 (1939)
(Militia Consists of All Physically Capable Males When Called to Service Expected to Appear Bearing Arms Supplied by Themselves, Right to Keep and Bear Arms Not Limited to Members of Militia)
Right to Keep and Bear Arms
partial list of cases
also see 2nd Amendment
- McDonald et al v City of Chicago, Illinois, et al
-
08-1521 (2010)
(State Incorporation of 2nd Amendment)
Huffington Post
- District of Columbia et al v Heller
-
07-290 (2008)
(Right to Possess Arms Unconnected to Service in a Militia)
Findlaw
- United States v Emerson
-
CR A 6:98CR103C, United States District Court, ND Texas, San Angelo Div
(Right to Bear Arms despite Federal Statute Prohibiting Possession of a Firearm while being under a State Restraining Order)
- United States v Verdugo-Urquirdez
-
110 S Ct 3039 (1990)
("people" in 2nd Amendment same as "people" in Preamble, 1st, 4th & 9th Amendments: Citizens and Legal Aliens)
- Lewis v United States
-
445 US 95 (1980)
(Felons are Subject to Loss of Rights of Citizenship including Right To Keep and Bear Arms)
- United States v Miller
-
307 US 174 (1939)
(Arms with No Reasonable Relationship to Preservation or Efficiency of a Well Regulated Militia Not Protected by 2nd Amendment)
- Miller v Texas
-
153 US 535 (1894)
(State Incorporation of 2nd Amendment Argument Not Made in Timely Fashion)
- Presser v Illinois
-
116 US 252 (1886)
(States Cannot Prohibit Right to Keep and Bear Arms; 14th Amendment Incorporates 2nd Amendment to States)
- United States v Cruikshank
-
92 US 542 (1876)
(Right to Keep and Bear Arms Recognized as a Right Existed Prior to Constitution, Right to Keep and Bear Arms Not Dependent on Constitution for Existence)
Persons, Houses, Papers, Effects
partial list of cases
also see 4th Amendment
- Olmstead v United States
-
277 US 438 (1928)
(Telephone Wires Outside House Not "Houses, Papers, and Effects")
Findlaw
Warrantless Searches and Seizures
partial list of cases
also see 4th Amendment
-
United States v Jones
-
10-1259, 08-3030, 08-3034 (2012)
(Prolonged GPS Tracking is a Search subject to Fourth Amendment Requirements)
SCOTUS
United States Courts
-
Kentucky v King
-
09-1272 (2011)
(Warrant not required to search dwelling with exigent circumstances not created or manufactured by police)
SCOTUS
- Sanford Unified School District #1 et all v Redding
-
08-479 (2009)
(Search of Public School Student's Underwear violates Fourth Amendment)
SCOTUS
- Illinois v Caballes
-
03-923 (2005)
(Dog sniff conducted during lawful traffic stop that reveals no information other than the location of a substance that no individual has any right to possess does not violate the Fourth Amendment)
Findlaw
- ?
-
(June 27 2002)
(Random Drug Test Requirements for Student's Discretionary Activities not Compulsory)
- ?
-
(June 17 2002)
(Police not Required to Inform Suspects their Right to Refuse Consentual Search)
- ?
-
(Dec 10 2001)
(Warrant not Required if Warrantless Search a Condition of Probationer's Probation)
- ?
-
(Mar 21 2001)
(Hospital Workers cannot Test Maternity Patients for Illegal Drug Use without Consent)
- Kyllo v United States
-
(Jun 11 2001)
(Warrant Required for Thermal Imaging of Home)
- ?
-
(Nov 28 2000)
(Probable Cause Required for Warrantless Vehicle Searches at Highway Checkpoint with Primary Purpose of Detecting Illegal Activity)
- ?
-
(Mar 28 2000)
(Anonymous Tip not Reasonable for Warrantless Protective Search)
- ?
-
(Jan 12 2000)
(Police Allowed to Detain Suspects who Egress after Sighting Police)
- United States v Watson
-
117 F3d 1421 (1997 WL 377035) (CTA6 1997)
(Genuine Threats to obtain Search Warrant may not render Search Consent Involuntary)
- United States v Riascos-Suarez
-
73 F3rd 616, 625 (6th Cir 1996)
(Coerced Consent in Warrantless Search)
- United States v White
-
979 F2d 539, 542 (CTA6 1992)
(Baseless Threats to obtain Search Warrant may render Search Consent Involuntary)
- United States v Colonia
-
870 F2d 1319 (CTA7 1989)
(Genuine Threats to obtain Search Warrant may not render Search Consent Involuntary)
- United States v Talkington
-
843 F2d 1031 (CTA7 1988)
(Genuine Threats to obtain Search Warrant may not render Search Consent Involuntary)
- New Jersey v T L O
-
469 US 325 (1985)
(Warrantless Search of Public School Student)
Findlaw
- United States v Williams
-
754 F2d 672 (CTA6 1985)
(Time Limits on Detainment without Arrest or Seizure of Person)
- United States v Ross
-
456 US –; 72 L Ed 2d 572; 102 S Ct 2157 (1982)
(Warrantless Search of Vehicle)
- Payton v New York
-
445 US 573; 63 L Ed 2d 639; 100 S Ct 1371 (1980)
(Warrantless Search of House)
- Marshall v Barlow's, Inc
-
436 US 307; 56 L Ed 2d 305; 98 S Ct 1816 (1978)
(Warrantless Search of Commercial Building)
- United States v Chadwick
-
433 US 1 (1977)
(Warrantless Search of Locked Footlocker in Police Custody)
- United States v Brignoni-Ponce
-
422 US 5873 (1975)
(Traffic Stop Permitted Only If Specific Articulable Facts Reasonably Warrants Suspicion)
Roadblock Registry
- Brown v Illinois
-
422 US 590; 95 S Ct 2254 (1975)
(Exploitation of an Illegal Act may render Search Consent Involuntary)
- United States v Robinson
-
414 US 218 (1973)
(Search Incident to Arrest Permissible Exception to Warrant Requirement)
- Schneckloth v Bustamonte
-
412 US 218, 248-249; 93 S Ct 2041, 2059 (1973)
(Coercion and Duress may render Search Consent Involuntary)
- United States v United States District Court (aka Keith case)
-
407 US 297, 321-24 (1972)
(Warrantless Electronic Surveillance of Domestic Organizations Unconstitutional despite assertion of National Security)
- United States v Biswell
-
406 US 311 (1972)
(Warrantless Inspection of Pervasively Regulated Business)
- Chimel v California
-
395 US 752; 89 S Ct 2034; 23 L Ed 2d 685 (1969)
(Warrantless Search of House Incident to Arrest)
- Terry v Ohio
-
392 US 1 (1968)
(Pat Down for Weapons Exigent Exception to Warrant Requirement When Police Have Reason Person Armed and About to Commit a Crime)
Findlaw
Wikipedia
- Katz v United States
-
389 US 347, 357 (1967)
(Warrantless Searches per se Unreasonable with some Exceptions)
- Norman See v City of Seattle
-
387 US 541, 18 L ed 2d 943, 87 S Ct 1737 (1967)
(Warrantless Fire Code Enforcement Inspection of Commercial Building)
- Camara v Municipal Court of the City and County of San Francisco
-
387 US 523 (1967)
(Warrantless Housing Code Enforcement Inspection of Private Residence)
- Stoner v California
- 376 US 483
- Mapp v Ohio
-
367 US 643; 81 S Ct 1684; 6 L Ed 2d 1081 (1961)
(Warrantless Search of House)
- Eaton v Price
- 364 US 263
- Frank v Maryland
- 359 US 360
- United States v Jeffers
- 342 US 48
- McDonald v United States
- 335 US 451
- Johnson v United States
-
333 US 10, 14
(Warrantless Search of House)
- Davis v United States
-
328 US 582 (1946)
(Warrantless Search with Disputed Coerced Consent for Government Owned Property)
- Go-Bart Importing Company v United States
-
282 US 344 (1931)
(Deficient/Defective Search Warrant)
- Olmstead v United States
-
277 US 438 (1928)
(Warrantless Telephone Wire Tapping Outside House is Constitutional regardless of State Law Prohibiting Wire Taps)
Findlaw
- Agnello v United States
- 269 US 20
- Carroll v United States
-
267 US 132 (1925)
(Warrantless Search of Vehicle)
- Amos v United States
-
255 US 313, 41 S Ct 266 (1921)
(Warrantless Search of House)
- Gouled v United States
-
255 US 298 (1921)
(Warrantless Search of Office and Papers)
Search and Seizure Incident to Arrest
partial list of cases
also see 4th Amendment
- ?
-
(Apr 24 2001)
(Search Incident to Arrest for Minor Offense does not Violate Fourth Amendment)
- Knowles v Iowa
-
97-7597 (1998)
(Search Incident to Traffic Citation Violates Fourth Amendment regardless of Iowa Law)
- United States v Robinson
-
414 US 218 (1973)
(Search Incident to Arrest Permissible Exception to Warrant Requirement)
- Chimel v California
-
395 US 752; 89 S Ct 2034; 23 L Ed 2d 685 (1969)
(Warrantless Search of House Incident to Arrest)
- Harris v United States
-
331 US 145; 67 S Ct 1098; 91 L Ed 1399 (1947)
(Search of Arrestee's Entire House)
Warrant Searches and Seizures
partial list of cases
also see 4th Amendment
- Flippo v West Virginia
-
98-8770 (1999)
(Warrants Required to Search Murder Scenes in Homes)
- Ybarra v Illinois
-
444 US 85; 62 L Ed 2d 238; 100 S Ct 338 (1979)
(Persons Not Described Searched without Probable Cause at Place Described)
- Mincey v Arizona
-
437 US 385 (1978)
(Warrants Required to Search Murder Scenes in Homes)
Findlaw
- Zurcher v Stanford Daily
-
436 US 547; 56 L Ed 2d 525; 98 S Ct 1920 (1978)
(Search Warrant for Criminal Evidence in Newspaper Office)
Findlaw
- Harris v United States
-
331 US 145; 67 S Ct 1098; 91 L Ed 1399 (1947)
(Things Seized Not Described)
- Go-Bart Importing Company v United States
-
282 US 344 (1931)
(Deficient/Defective Search Warrant)
Probable Cause
partial list of cases
also see 4th Amendment
- Virginia v Moore
-
06-1082 (Apr 23 2008)
(State Statutes not Incorporated in 4th Amendment, No Federal Remedy for Improper State Arrests)
Findlaw
- Brendlin v California
-
06-8120 (June 18 2007)
(Passengers have Standing in Challenging Constitutionality of Traffic Stops)
Findlaw
- Illinois v Caballes
-
03-923 (2005)
(Dog sniff conducted during lawful traffic stop that reveals no information other than the location of a substance that no individual has any right to possess does not violate the Fourth Amendment)
Findlaw
- ?
-
(June 27 2002)
(Random Drug Test Requirements for Student's Discretionary Activities not Compulsory)
- ?
-
(Nov 28 2000)
(Probable Cause Required for Vehicle Searches at Highway Checkpoint with Primary Purpose of Detecting Illegal Activity)
- Ybarra v Illinois
-
444 US 85; 62 L Ed 2d 238; 100 S Ct 338 (1979)
(Persons Searched without Probable Cause)
Oath or Affirmation
partial list of cases
also see 4th Amendment
Particularly Describing Place To Be Searched
partial list of cases
also see 4th Amendment
- Ybarra v Illinois
-
444 US 85; 62 L Ed 2d 238; 100 S Ct 338 (1979)
(Persons Not Described Searched without Probable Cause at Place Described)
Describing Persons To Be Seized
partial list of cases
also see 4th Amendment
- Ybarra v Illinois
-
444 US 85; 62 L Ed 2d 238; 100 S Ct 338 (1979)
(Persons Not Described Searched without Probable Cause at Place Described)
Describing Things To Be Seized
partial list of cases
also see 4th Amendment
Grand Juries
partial list of cases
also see 5th Amendment
- Hurtado v California
- 110 US 516; 4 S Ct 111; 28 L Ed 232 (1884)
Double Jeopardy
partial list of cases
also see 5th Amendment, Article
1 Section 8's Regulate Commerce, 9th Amendment's
Undelegated Powers
(Many "Separate State and Federal Prosecutions for Same Offense" cases
are incorrectly defended as Double Jeopardy when they should have been argued
as violations of Article 1 Section 8's Powers of Congress and 9th
Amendment's Undelegated Powers)
- Wilson v Layne
-
98-83 (1999)
(Media and Other Third Parties Invited by Police to Enter Home During Execution of Search Warrant Violates Fourth Amendment)
FindLaw
- United States v Ursery
-
95-345 (1996)
(Civil Forfeiture and Criminal Prosecution not Double Jeopardy; Civil Forfeiture not Punishment)
FindLaw
- Montana Department of Revenue v Kurth Ranch
-
93-144 (1994)
(Tax Levied After Conviction of Criminal Possession of Prohibited Items Subject to Tax is Double Jeopardy)
Findlaw
- Benton v Maryland
- 395 US 784 (1969)
- Bartikus v Illinois
-
(1959)
(Separate State and Federal Prosecutions for Same Offense not Double Jeopardy)
- Abbate v United States
-
(1959)
(Separate State and Federal Prosecutions for Same Offense not Double Jeopardy)
- State of Louisiana ex rel Francis v Reswebar
- 329 US 459; 67 S Ct 374; 91 L Ed 422 (1947)
- Palko v State of Connecticut
- 302 US 319; 58 S Ct 149; 82 L Ed 288 (1937)
- United States v Lanza
-
260 US 377; 43 S Ct 141; 67 L Ed 314 (1922)
(Separate State and Federal Prosecutions for Same Offense not Double Jeopardy)
Self Incrimination
partial list of cases
also see Defense Counsel, 5th Amendment
- Berghuis v Thompkins
-
08-1470 (2010)
(Interrogation Allowed and Voluntary Statements Admissible After Inferred Waiver of Self Incrimination Privilege)
Cornell
- ?
-
(Mar 19 2001)
(Claims of No Involvement with a Crime does not Waive Self Incrimination Privilege)
- Dickerson v United States
-
99-5525 (2000)
(Court, not Statute, Governs Admissibility of Statements During Interrogation)
Findlaw
- Davis v United States
-
92-1949 (1994)
(Ambiguous Request for Counsel Does Not Rescind Waiver of Self-Incrimination Privilege)
Findlaw
- Colorado v Spring
-
479 US 564 (1987)
(Failure to Inform Defendant Subject Matter of Interrogation Does Not Affect Waiver of Self-Incrimination Privilege)
Findlaw
- Connecticut v Barrett
-
479 US 523 (1987)
(Ambiguous Request for Counsel Does Not Rescind Waiver of Self-Incrimination Privilege)
Findlaw
- Moran v Burbine
-
475 US 412 (1986)
(Defendant's Explicit Waiver of Right to Counsel Valid Regardless of Request by Public Defender to Counsel Defendant)
Findlaw
- Oregon v Elstad
-
470 US 298 (1985)
(Statements Admissible After Waiver of Self-Incrimination Privilege Regardless of Previous Unwarned Statements)
Findlaw
- United States v Williams
-
754 F2d 672 (CTA6 1985)
(Time Limits on Detainment without Arrest or Seizure of Person)
- Edwards v Arizona
-
451 US 477 (1981)
(Right to Counsel During Interrogation Extends to Subsequent Interrogations Regardless of Defendant Waiver of Self-Incrimination Privilege)
Findlaw
- Tague v Louisiana
-
444 US 469 (1980)
(Burden on Prosecution to Show Defendant Knowingly and Intelligently Waived Self-Incrimination Privilege and Right to Counsel)
Findlaw
- Fare v Michael C
-
442 US 707 (1979)
(Defendant's Request for his Probation Officer Not Exercise of Right to Counsel During Interrogation)
Findlaw
- North Carolina v Butler
-
441 US 369 (1979)
(Explicit Waiver of Right to Counsel by Defendant Not Required to Support Finding of Waiver)
Findlaw
- Michigan v Mosley
-
423 US 96 (1975)
(Self-Incrimination Privilege Request to End Interrogation does not Extend to Subsequent Interrogations)
Findlaw
- Kastigar v United States
-
406 US 441 (1972)
(Use Immunity can Override Self-Incrimination Privilege Claim)
- Marchetti v United States
- 390 US 39; 88 S Ct 697; 19 L Ed 2d 889 (1968)
- Katz v United States
- 389 US 347; 88 S Ct 507; 19 L Ed 2d 576 (1967)
- Schmerber v California
- 384 US 757; 86 S Ct 1826; 16 L Ed 2d 908 (1966)
- Miranda v Arizona
-
384 US 436; 86 S Ct 1602; 16 L Ed 2d 694 (1966)
(Statements by Defendant Coerced without Waiver of Self-Incrimination Privilege)
Cornell
- Escobedo v Illinois
- 378 US 478; 84 S Ct 1758; 12 L Ed 2d 977 (1964)
- Murphy v Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor
- 378 US 52; 84 S Ct 1594; 12 L Ed 2d 678 (1964)
- Malloy v Hogan
- 378 US 1; 84 S Ct 1489; 12 L Ed 2d 653 (1964)
- Ullmann v United States
- 350 US 422; 76 S Ct 497; 100 L Ed 511 (1956)
- Adamson v California
- 332 US 46; 67 S Ct 1672; 91 L Ed 1903 (1947)
- Chambers v Florida
- 309 US 227; 84 L Ed 716; 60 S Ct 472 (1940)
- Olmstead v United States
- 277 US 438; S Ct 564; 72 L Ed 944 (1928)
Federal Deprivation of Liberty
partial list of cases
also see 5th Amendment, 9th Amendment's
Unenumerated Rights, 14th Amendment's
State Deprivation of Liberty
Federal Due Process
partial list of cases
also see 5th Amendment, 14th Amendment's
State Due Process
- Harris v McRae
- 448 US 297; 65 L Ed 2d 784; 100 S Ct 2671 (1980)
- Weinberger v Wiesenfeld
- 420 US 636; 43 L Ed 2d 514; 95 S Ct 1225 (1975)
- Davidson v New Orleans
- 96 US 97, 24 L Ed 616 (1878)
- Munn v Illinois
- 94 US 113 (1877)
- Barron v Baltimore
- 7 Peters 243; 8 L Ed 672 (1833)
- Dred Scott v Sanford
-
60 US 393 (1857)
(Black Slaves do not have Standing to Sue in Federal Court)
Touro, Wikipedia
Federal Incorporation of Equal Protection
partial list of cases
also see 5th Amendment, 14th Amendment's
Equal Protection
- Weinberger v Wiesenfeld
-
420 US 636; 43 L Ed 2d 514; 95 S Ct 1225 (1975)
(Federal Gender Discrimination)
Private Property
partial list of cases
also see 5th Amendment
Taking
partial list of cases
also see 5th Amendment
- ?
-
(Apr 23 2003)
(Government Moritorium on Property Development not De Facto Taking)
- Bowen v Agencies Opposed to Social Security Entrapment
-
477 US 41 (1986)
(Amending Social Security Act Prohibiting State Withdrawal of Participation is not Taking of Property, Agreements Created No Contractual Rights)
FindLaw
- Pruneyard Shopping Center v Robins et al
-
447 US 74 (1980)
FindLaw
(California Statute Granting Speech and Petition Rights at Private Shopping Centers is not a Taking of Property)
- Village of Euclid, Ohio v Ambler Realty Co
- US 365; 47 S Ct 114; 71 L Ed 303 (1926)
- Barron v Baltimore
- 7 Peters 243; 8 L Ed 672 (1833)
Public Use
partial list of cases
also see 5th Amendment
Just Compensation
partial list of cases
also see 5th Amendment
Speedy and Public Trial
partial list of cases
also see 6th Amendment
- Klopfer v North Carolina
- 386 US 216 (1967)
Impartial Jury
partial list of cases
also see 6th Amendment
- Chandler and Granger v Florida
-
449 US 560; 66 L Ed 2d 740; 101 S Ct 802 (1981)
(Broadcasts of Criminal Trials)
- Duren v Missouri
- 439 US 357; 58 L Ed 2d 579, 99 S Ct 664 (1979)
- Nebraska Press Association v Stuart
-
427 US 539; 49 L Ed 2d 683; S Ct 2791 (1976)
(Prior Restraint of Publication Criminal Trial Reporting by State Court Injunction)
- Parker v Gladden
- 385 US 363 (1966)
- Patton v State of Mississippi
- 332 US 463; 68 S Ct 184; 92 L Ed 76 (1948)
- Pennekamp v Florida
- 328 US 331; 66 S Ct 1029; 90 L Ed 1295 (1946)
- Norris v Alabama
- 294 US 587; 55 S Ct 579; 79 L Ed 1074 (1935)
Confront Witnesses
partial list of cases
also see 6th Amendment
- Crawford v Washington
-
(2004)
(Hearsay Testimony Violates 6th Amendment Right to Confront Witnesses)
- Illinois v Allen
-
397 US 337; 90 S Ct 1057; 25 L Ed 2d 353 (1970)
(Disruptive Defendants do not have 6th Amendment Right to be Present at own Trial)
Compulsory Witnesses
partial list of cases
also see 6th Amendment
- Illinois v Allen
-
397 US 337; 90 S Ct 1057; 25 L Ed 2d 353 (1970)
(Disruptive Defendants do not have 6th Amendment Right to be Present at own Trial)
- Pointer v Texas
- 380 US 400 (1967)
Defense Counsel
partial list of cases
also see Self-Incrimination, 6th Amendment
- ?
-
(May 20 2002)
(States may not Impose Sentence with Possibility of Incarceration on Unrepresented Defendants)
- ?
-
(Apr 2 2001)
(Police May Question Suspect without an Attorney if Suspect Already Represented by Attorney in a Related Case)
- ?
-
(Jan 13 2000)
(Appeals Court Judges may Disallow Self-Representation by Criminal Defendant while Appealing Their Case)
- Strickland v Washington
-
466 US 668 (1984)
(Conviction Reversal or Death Sentence Set Aside Requires Defendant Show Counsel Deficiency Prejudiced Defense)
Findlaw
- Tague v Louisiana
-
444 US 469 (1980)
(Burden on Prosecution to Show Defendant Knowingly and Intelligently Waived Right to Counsel and Self-Incrimination Privilege)
Findlaw
- North Carolina v Butler
-
441 US 369 (1979)
(Explicit Waiver of Right to Counsel by Defendant Not Required to Support Finding of Waiver)
Findlaw
- Argersinger v Hamlin
- 407 US 25 (1972)
- Illinois v Allen
-
397 US 337; 90 S Ct 1057; 25 L Ed 2d 353 (1970)
(Disruptive Defendants Have No Right to be Present at Trial)
- Miranda v Arizona
-
384 US 436; 86 S Ct 1602; 16 L Ed 2d 694 (1966)
(Defendant Must Be Informed of Right to Counsel Prior to Interrogation and Admissible Statements)
Cornell
- Escobedo v Illinois
- 378 US 478; 84 S Ct 1758; 12 L Ed 2d 977 (1964)
- Gideon v Wainwright
-
372 US 335; 83 S Ct 792; 9 L Ed 2d 799 (1963)
(State Defendants Entitled to Attorney in Felony Criminal Prosecutions)
- Carnley v Cochran
-
369 US 506 (1962)
(Burden on Prosecution to Show Defendant Offered Counsel and Defendant Intelligently and Understandingly Refused)
Findlaw
- Johnson v Zerbst
-
304 US 458 (1938)
(Competent and Intelligent Defendant May Waive Right to Counsel)
Cornell
- Powell v Alabama
- 287 US 45; 53 S Ct 55; 77 L Ed 158 (1932)
Civil Jury Trial
partial list of cases
also see 7th Amendment
- Gasperini v Center
-
(1996)
(Appeal Judges may set aside Jury Awards when Trial Judge abuses Discretion)
Excessive Bail
partial list of cases
also see 8th Amendment
Excessive Fines
partial list of cases
also see 8th Amendment
- State Farm Insurance v ?
-
(Apr 7 2003)
(High Punitive to Compensatory Damages Ratio is Excessive, Irrational and Arbitrary)
Cruel & Unusual Punishment
partial list of cases
also see 8th Amendment
- State Farm Insurance v ?
-
(Apr 7 2003)
(Punitive Damages for Defendant Conduct Outside Case Unconstitutional)
- ?
-
(Apr 2 2003)
(State's Three Strikes Law not Cruel nor Unusual Punishment)
- Penry v Texas
-
(June 20 2002)
(Execution of Mentally Retarded Persons Unconstitutional)
- Gregg v Georgia
- 428 US 153; 49 L Ed 2d 859; 96 S Ct 2909 (1976)
- Robinson v California
- 370 US 660 (1962)
- State of Louisiana ex rel Francis v Reswebar
- 329 US 459; 67 S Ct 374; 91 L Ed 422 (1947)
Unenumerated Rights
partial list of cases
also see 9th Amendment, 5th Amendment's
Federal Deprivation of Liberty, 14th Amendment's
State Deprivation of Liberty
- Stenberg v Carhart
-
99-830 (2000)
(Partial Birth Abortion Privacy Right)
Findlaw
- Roe v Wade
-
410 US 113; 93 S Ct 705; 35 L Ed 2d 147 (1973)
(Abortion Privacy Right)
Findlaw
- Griswold v Connecticut
-
381 US 479; 85 S Ct 1678; 14 L Ed 2d 510 (1965)
(Privacy Right)
- Meyer v Nebraska
-
262 US 390; 43 S Ct 625; 67 L Ed 1042 (1923)
(Liberty to Teach Foreign Language to Children)
- McCulloch v Maryland
-
(1819)
(Congress has unenumerated power (aka implied power) to enact laws that reflect the "letter and spirit" of the Constitution)
Undelegated Powers
partial list of cases
also see 10th Amendment, Article
6's Supremacy Clause
- ?
-
(Mar 6 2000)
(States cannot Enact Laws that Conflict with or Supplement Federal Law)
- ?
-
(Jan 11 2000)
(Congress cannot Prohibit State Government's Age Discrimination Against State Employees)
- Williams and Diamond v Zbaraz
- 448 US 358; 65 L Ed 2d 831; 100 S Ct 2694 (1980)
- Harris v McRae
- 448 US 297; 65 L Ed 2d 784; 100 S Ct 2671 (1980)
- Linder v United States
-
268 US 5 (1925)
(Direct Control of Medical Practice in States beyond Power of Federal Government)
(Incidental Regulation by Congress through a Taxing Act cannot Extend to Matters Inappropriate and Unnecessary to Reasonable Enforcement of a Revenue Measure)
Findlaw (sites more important cases)
- McCulloch v Maryland
-
(1819)
(Congress has undelegated power (aka implied power) to enact laws that reflect the "letter and spirit" of the Constitution)
- Marbury v Madison
-
(1803)
(Court has undelegated power to overturn acts of Congress)
Jurisdiction in Suits Against States
partial list of cases
also see 11th Amendment, Article
3's Supreme Court Jurisdiction
- Regents v Doe
- 95-1695 (1997)
- Osborn v Bank of the United States
-
9 Wheaton 738; 6 L Ed 204 (1824)
(Federal Agency Suit Against State Officials)
Subject to US Jurisdiction
partial list of cases
also see 14th Amendment
- United States v Wong Kim Ark
-
169 US 649 (1898)
(Children Born in United States to Non-Citizen Parents are United States Citizens)
Wikipedia
- Elk v Wilkins
-
112 US 94 (1884)
("Indian" Children Born in United States and Not Subject to US Jurisdiction are Not United States Citizens)
Wikipedia
- Inglis v Trustees of Sailor's Snug Harbor
-
28 US 99 (1830)
(Children Born in United States Territory Occupied by a Foreign Power Not Citizens)
Findlaw, Justia, Wikipedia
Privileges and Immunities
partial list of cases
also see 14th Amendment, Article
4's Privileges and Immunities
- Jones v Temmer
-
829 F. Supp. 1226 (1993)
(Privileges and Immunities Clause does not protect Rights which relate to State Citizenship)
- Butchers' Benevolent Association of New Orleans v Crescent City Live-Stock Landing and Slaughter-House Company
-
83 US 36, 38 (1873)
(Privileges and Immunities Clause does not protect Rights which relate to State Citizenship)
Findlaw, Justia, Wikipedia
State Deprivation of Liberty
partial list of cases
also see 14th Amendment, 5th
Amendment's Federal Deprivation of Liberty, 9th
Amendment's Unenumerated Rights
- Addington v Texas
- 439 US 908 (1979)
- Zablocki v Redhail
- 434 US 374; 54 L Ed 2d 618; 98 S Ct 673 (1978)
- O'Connor v Donaldson
- 422 US 563; 95 S Ct 2486; 45 L Ed 2d 396 (1975)
- Gitlow v State of New York
- 268 US 652; 45 S Ct 625; 69 L Ed 1138 (1925)
- Pierce v Society of Sisters
- 268 US 510 (1925)
- Meyer v Nebraska
-
262 US 390; 43 S Ct 625; 67 L Ed 1042 (1923)
(Liberty to Teach Foreign Language to Children)
- Butchers' Benevolent Association of New Orleans v Crescent City Live-Stock Landing and Slaughter-House Company
-
83 US 36, 38 (1873)
(Rights derived from State Citizenship not protected by 14th Amendment)
Findlaw, Justia, Wikipedia
State Due Process
partial list of cases
also see 14th Amendment, 5th
Amendment's Federal Due Process
- Skinner v Oklahoma
- (1942)
- Palko v State of Connecticut
- 302 US 319; 58 S Ct 149; 82 L Ed 288 (1937)
- Buck v Bell
-
274 US 200, 47 S Ct 584, 71 L Ed 1000 (1927)
(State Forced Sterilization of Feeble-Minded Persons)
- Tumey v Ohio
- 273 US 510; 47 S Ct 114; 71 L Ed 303 (1926)
State Incorporation of Other US Constitutional Provisions
partial list of cases
also see 14th Amendment
- McDonald et al v City of Chicago, Illinois, et al
-
08-1521 (2010)
(State Incorporation of 2nd Amendment)
Huffington Post
- ?
-
(May 20 2002)
(6th Amendment Defense Counsel)
- Jones v Temmer
-
829 F. Supp. 1226 (1993)
(Privileges and Immunities Clause of Fourteenth Amendment does not protect Rights which relate to State Citizenship)
- Chandler and Granger v Florida
-
449 US 560; 66 L Ed 2d 740; 101 S Ct 802 (1981)
(1st Amendment Speech & Press; 6th Amendment Impartial Jury)
- Williams and Diamond v Zbaraz
- 448 US 358; 65 L Ed 2d 831; 100 S Ct 2694 (1980)
- Harris v McRae
- 448 US 297; 65 L Ed 2d 784; 100 S Ct 2671 (1980)
- Payton v New York
-
445 US 573; 63 L Ed 2d 639; 100 S Ct 1371 (1980)
(4th Amendment Search and Seizure)
- Ybarra v Illinois
-
444 US 85; 62 L Ed 2d 238; 100 S Ct 338 (1979)
(4th Amendment Search and Seizure)
- Duren v Missouri
- 439 US 357; 58 L Ed 2d 579, 99 S Ct 664 (1979)
- Zurcher v Stanford Daily
-
436 US 547; 56 L Ed 2d 525; 98 S Ct 1920 (1978)
(1st Amendment Press; 4th Amendment Search and Seizure)
- Gregg v Georgia
- 428 US 153; 49 L Ed 2d 859; 96 S Ct 2909 (1976)
- Nebraska Press Association v Stuart
-
427 US 539; 49 L Ed 2d 683; S Ct 2791 (1976)
(1st Amendment Press; 6th Amendment Impartial Jury)
- Roe v Wade
-
410 US 113; 93 S Ct 705; 35 L Ed 2d 147 (1973)
(9th Amendment Unenumerated Rights)
- Argersinger v Hamlin
-
407 US 25 (1972)
(6th Amendment Defense Counsel)
- Benton v Maryland
-
395 US 784 (1969)
(5th Amendment Double Jeopardy)
- Duncan v Louisiana
- 391 US 145; 20 L Ed 491; 88 S Ct 1444 (1968)
- Pointer v Texas
-
380 US 400 (1967)
(6th Amendment Compulsory Witnesses)
- Klopfer v North Carolina
-
386 US 216 (1967)
(6th Amendment Speedy and Public Trial)
- Parker v Gladden
-
385 US 363 (1966)
(6th Amendment Impartial Jury)
- Miranda v Arizona
- 384 US 436; 86 S Ct 1602; 16 L Ed 2d 694 (1966)
- Griswold v Connecticut
-
381 US 479; 85 S Ct 1678; 14 L Ed 2d 510 (1965)
(9th Amendment Unenumerated Rights)
- Escobedo v Illinois
- 378 US 478; 84 S Ct 1758; 12 L Ed 2d 977 (1964)
- Malloy v Hogan
-
378 US 1; 84 S Ct 1489; 12 L Ed 2d 653 (1964)
(5th Amendment Self Incrimination)
- Gideon v Wainwright
-
372 US 335; 83 S Ct 792; 9 L Ed 2d 799 (1963)
(6th Amendment Defense Counsel)
- Robinson v California
- 370 US 660 (1962)
- Mapp v Ohio
-
367 US 643; 81 S Ct 1684; 6 L Ed 2d 1081 (1961)
(4th Amendment Warrantless Search and Seizure)
- Burstyn v Wilson
- 343 US 495; 72 S Ct 777; 96 L Ed 1098 (1952)
- State of Louisiana ex rel Francis v Reswebar
- 329 US 459; 67 S Ct 374; 91 L Ed 422 (1947)
- Pennekamp v Florida
-
328 US 331; 66 S Ct 1029; 90 L Ed 1295 (1946)
(1st Amendment Speech & Press; 6th Amendment Impartial Jury)
- Martin v City of Struthers, Ohio
-
319 US 141; 63 S Ct 862; 87 L Ed 1313 (1943)
(1st Amendment Free Exercise of Religion, Speech & Press)
- Chambers v Florida
- 309 US 227; 84 L Ed 716; 60 S Ct 472 (1940)
- Hague v Committee for Industrial Organization
-
307 US 496; 59 S Ct 954; 83 L Ed 1423 (1939)
(1st Amendment Speech, Press & Assembly)
- Palko v State of Connecticut
-
302 US 319; 58 S Ct 149; 82 L Ed 288 (1937)
(5th Amendment Double Jeopardy)
- De Jonge v Oregon
-
299 US 353; 57 S Ct 255; 81 L Ed 278 (1937)
(1st Amendment Speech & Assembly)
- Grosjean v American Press Co
-
297 US 233; 56 S Ct 444; 80 L Ed 660 (1936)
(1st Amendment Press)
- Powell v Alabama
- 287 US 45 (1932)
- Near v State of Minnesota ex rel Olson
-
283 US 697; 51 S Ct 625; 75 L Ed 1357 (1931)
(1st Amendment Press)
- Village of Euclid, Ohio v Ambler Realty Co
-
US 365; 47 S Ct 114; 71 L Ed 303 (1926)
(5th Amendment Taking)
- Gitlow v State of New York
-
268 US 652; 45 S Ct 625; 69 L Ed 1138 (1925)
(1st Amendment Speech & Press)
- Meyer v Nebraska
- 262 US 390; 43 S Ct 625; 67 L Ed 1042 (1923)
- Miller v Texas
-
153 US 535 (1894)
(State Incorporation of 2nd Amendment Argument Not Made in Timely Fashion)
- Presser v Illinois
-
116 US 252 (1886)
(2nd Amendment Right to Keep and Bear Arms)
- Hurtado v California
- 110 US 516; 4 S Ct 111; 28 L Ed 232 (1884)
- Munn v Illinois
- 94 US 113 (1877)
- Abelman v Booth
-
21 Howard 506; 16 L Ed 169 (1859)
(Pre-14th Amendment; Article 1, Sec 9 Habeas Corpus)
- Barron v Baltimore
-
7 Peters 243; 8 L Ed 672 (1833)
(Pre-14th Amendment; 5th Amendment Taking)
Equal Protection
partial list of cases
also see 14th Amendment, 5th
Amendment's Federal Incorporation of Equal
Protection
- Flores-Villar v United States
-
(yet to be decided)
(Gender Discrimination in Determination of Citizenship Eligibility)
9th Circuit Court of Appeals Decision
- Good News Club v Milford Central School
-
533 US 98 (2001)
(Government Run Public Schools cannot Discriminate Against After-Hours Religious Programs)
Cornell, Findlaw, Justia, Wikipedia
- Michael M v Superior Court of Sonoma County
-
450 US 464; 67 L Ed 2d 437; S Ct 1200 (1981)
(Gender Discrimination in State Statuatory Rape Law)
- Williams and Diamond v Zbaraz
- 448 US 358; 65 L Ed 2d 831; 100 S Ct 2694 (1980)
- Harris v McRae
- 448 US 297; 65 L Ed 2d 784; 100 S Ct 2671 (1980)
- Regents of the University of California v Bakke
-
438 US 265; 57 L Ed 2d 750; S Ct 2733 (1978)
(State Race Discrimination)
- Roe v Wade
- 410 US 113; 93 S Ct 705; 35 L Ed 2d 147 (1973)
- Reed v Reed
-
404 US 71; 30 L Ed 2d 225; 92 S Ct 251 (1971)
(State Gender Discrimination)
- Loving v Virginia
-
388 US 1 (1967)
(State Prohibition of Interracial Marriage Violates Equal Protection Clause)
Findlaw, Wikipedia
- McLaughlin v Florida
-
379 US 184 (1964)
(State Prohibition of Interracial Cohabitation Violates Equal Protection Clause)
Findlaw, Wikipedia
- Baker v Carr
-
369 US 186; 82 S Ct 691, 7 L Ed 2d 663 (1962)
(State legislative reapportionment that deprives equal protection)
- Brown v Board of Education of Topeka
-
(1954)
(De Jure Racial Segregation inherently Unequal)
- Patton v State of Mississippi
- 332 US 463; 68 S Ct 184; 92 L Ed 76 (1948)
- Skinner v Oklahoma
- (1942)
- Norris v Alabama
- 294 US 587; 55 S Ct 579; 79 L Ed 1074 (1935)
- Buck v Bell
-
274 US 200, 47 S Ct 584, 71 L Ed 1000 (1927)
(State Forced Sterilization of Feeble-Minded Persons)
- Pace v Alabama
-
106 US 583 (1883)
(State Prohibition of Interracial Sex does not violate Equal Protection Clause)
Wikipedia
Income Taxes
partial list of cases
also see 16th Amendment,
Direct Taxes
Other
see Arbitrary · Entrapment · Evidence · Incapacity · Mute · Necessity · Overbroad · Ripe · Standing · Stare Decisis · Testimony · Vague
Arbitrary
partial list of cases
- (none listed yet)
Entrapment
partial list of cases
- Jacobson v United States
-
503 US 540 (1992)
FindLaw
- Mathews v United States
-
485 US 58 (1988)
(Defendant Entitled to Entrapment Instruction when Sufficient Evidence of Government Inducement and Lack of Predisposition)
FindLaw
- Hampton v United States
-
425 US 484 (1976)
(Entrapment Defense Unavailable when Defendant Admits Predisposition, despite Outrageous Police Conduct)
FindLaw
- United States v Russell
-
411 US 423 (1973)
(Predisposition Fatal to Claim of Entrapment)
FindLaw
- Lopez v United States
-
373 US 427 (1963)
FindLaw
- Saldana v United States
-
365 US 646 (1961)
FindLaw
- Marshall v United States
-
360 US 310 (1959)
FindLaw
- Masciale v United States
-
356 US 386 (1958)
(Entrapment Not Established as a Matter of Law, Jury May Consider and Disbelieve Defendant's Claim)
FindLaw
- Sherman v United States
-
356 US 369 (1958)
(Entrapment Established as a Matter of Law, Jury Conviction Reversed)
FindLaw
- Sorrells v United States
-
287 US 435 (1932)
(Entrapment shall not be Disallowed as a Matter of Law when Sufficient Evidence of Entrapment, Defendant Entitled to Jury Instruction)
FindLaw
Evidence
partial list of cases
also see Testimony
- Olmstead v United States
-
277 US 438 (1928)
(Telephone Wire Tapping Outside House Constitutional and Admissible regardless of State Law Prohibiting Wire Taps)
Findlaw
Incapacity
partial list of cases
- (none listed yet)
Mute
partial list of cases
- (none listed yet)
Necessity
partial list of cases
- United States v Oakland Cannabis Buyers Cooperative
- (2001)
- United States v Peter McWilliams, Todd McCormick, et al
-
CR 97-997 (A) -GHK (1999)
(Disallow Medical Necessity Defense as a Matter of Law and When Legal Alternative Available)
www.petertrial.com/ruling.htm
- United States v Oakland Cannabis Buyers' Cooperative
-
1999 WL 705099 (9th Cir 1999)
(Allow Medical Necessity Defense for Marijuana)
- State v Williams
-
968 P 2d 26, 30 (C A Wash 1998)
(Disallow Medical Necessity Defense as a Matter of Law; Legislature Determined Schedule 1 Drugs have No Accepted Medical Use)
- United States v Schoon, Kennon, Manning
-
939 F 2d 826; 971 F 2d 193; 955 F 2d 1238 (9th Cir 1991)
(Necessity Defense Disallowed when Lack of Immediacy, Action would not Abate Harm, or Availability of Legal Alternatives)
FindLaw
- United States v Aguilar
-
883 F 2d 662, 793 (9th Cir 1989)
(Necessity Defense Requires Defendants to have No Legal Alternative to Criminal Conduct Available)
- Automobile Workers v Johnson Controls Inc
-
499 US 187 (1991)
(Business Necessity Defense)
FindLaw
- Wards Cove Packing Co Inc v Atonio
-
490 US 642 (1989)
(Business Necessity Defense)
FindLaw
- Sumitomo Shoji America Inc v Avagliano
-
457 US 176 (1982)
(Business Necessity Defense)
FindLaw
- United States v Bailey
-
444 US 394 (1980)
(Duress or Necessity Defense Requires Prison Escapees to Surrender unless Under Continuing Duress)
FindLaw
- United States v Richardson
-
588 F 2d 1235, 1239 (9th Cir 1978)
(Disallow Necessity Defense for Defendants who have Alternative Legal Course of Action, including Petitioning FDA to Reclassify Laetrile)
- Nashville Gas Co v Satty
-
434 US 136 (1977)
(Business Necessity Defense)
FindLaw
Overbroad
partial list of cases
- (none listed yet)
Ripe
partial list of cases
- (none listed yet)
Standing
partial list of cases
- Elk Grove Unified School District v Newdow
-
02-1624 (2003)
(Non-Custodial Parent does not have Standing on Behalf of Minor Child)
SCOTUS, Findlaw
- Dred Scott v John F A Sanford
-
60 US 393 (1857)
(Black Slaves do not have Standing to Sue in Federal Court)
Touro, Wikipedia
Stare Decisis
partial list of cases
- (none listed yet)
Testimony
partial list of cases
- Crawford v Washington
-
(2004)
(Hearsay Testimony Violates 6th Amendment Right to Confront Witnesses)
- United States v Oslet Franklin Lowery, Jr
-
97-368-CR-ZLOCH
(Motion to Suppress Testimony by Witness Promised Leniency in exchange for Testifying)
Vague
partial list of cases
- Posters 'N' Things v United States
-
92-903 (1994)
(Mail Order Drug Paraphrenalia Control Act not Vague)
FindLaw
US Case Law Research Organizations & Websites
also see US Judicial Branch
All Law
Cornell Law School
Emory Law School
FindLaw
First Amendment Center
First Freedom Center
Freedomlaw.com
Indiana University Law School
'Lectric Law Library
Legal Information Institute
QuizLaw
Religious Movements Homepage Project
Supreme Court of the United States
Touro Law Center
US Constitution Online